From: (Ashton, Peter)
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 2019 12:30:53 +0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>,
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>


Status: O




Hello Cam and Mastwatchers,


A couple of months ago I sent the attached note to the Malaysian Nature Journal: I would welcome your comments!


Peter

________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Cam Webb 
Sent: Thursday, February 28, 2019 5:53:49 PM
To: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list

http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
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From: (Lord Cranbrook)
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 2019 21:39:00 -0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>,
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <MWHPR07MB308783F943FF7396ED730172E3760@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>

Status: O




Responding to Peter Ashton 

In Peninsular Malaysia, among swallows, the nesting season of resident
Hirundo tahitca  departure of  the migratory barn swallows
Hirundo rustica. Forest insectivorous passerines may also be adapted to nest
when migratory competitors for resources are absent.

In Peninsular Malaysia and Sarawak, many gregarious insectivorous bats of
(dipterocarp) forest habitat have coordinated annual seasons of birth.
typically April. Much more spectacular than the longer nesting seasons of
insectivorous birds but probably for the same selective reason: seasonality
among invertebrate prey.

But, being mammals, with a gestation period of several weeks or months, the
environmental signals for mating and ovulation have to be earlier.

Among the flat-headed bats Tylonycteris  spp. of the Gombak valley, I
concluded that the environmental signal for ovulation and implantation was
the short period of 'drought' (>2 weeks without rain) and consequent high
daily air temperatures occurring wth regularity  some time in January each
year.

Can this seasonality explain mast events ?

So long ago !

 

From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-] On
Behalf Of Ashton, Peter
Sent: 01 March 2019 12:31
To: Cam Webb; 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Hello Cam and Mastwatchers,

 

A couple of months ago I sent the attached note to the Malaysian Nature
Journal: I would welcome your comments!

 

Peter

  _____  

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of
Cam Webb 
Sent: Thursday, February 28, 2019 5:53:49 PM
To: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast 

 

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I'll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list

http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net

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From: (Philipson  Christopher David)
Date: Mon, 4 Mar 2019 10:23:53 +0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>

Status: O




Hi Cam and all,

I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!

Cheers
Chris


Dr. Christopher Philipson
<

http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html

http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao




On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb <<> wrote:

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list
<
http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net

-------------- next part --------------
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From: (Katharine Pearce)
Date: Mon, 25 Mar 2019 12:52:43 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <MWHPR07MB308783F943FF7396ED730172E3760@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <006a01d4d077$2f166730$8d433590$@co.uk>

Status: O




 Dear Mastwatchers,
very late in the day to state that there was reportedly a heavy fruiting of Engkabang (Shorea macrophylla) fruits in the Lundu area of Sarawak early this year (Jan/Feb). They are selling engkabang 'margarine' in Sibu market, apparently. Also I heard that there were several dipterocarp species fruiting in Kubah National Park. However, nothing doing on the Dryobalanops rappa??at Stutong Forest Park.?
Peter Boyce has more first hand information for Sarawak, so I have cc'd him here.?
Warm regards to all
Kit Pearce
    On Saturday, 2 March 2019, 05:39:10 GMT+8, Lord Cranbrook  wrote:  
 
 
Responding to Peter Ashton 

In Peninsular Malaysia, among swallows, the nesting season of resident Hirundo tahitca  departure of ?the migratory barn swallows Hirundo rustica. Forest insectivorous passerines may also be adapted to nest when migratory competitors for resources are absent.

In Peninsular Malaysia and Sarawak, many gregarious insectivorous bats of (dipterocarp) forest habitat have coordinated annual seasons of birth. typically April. Much more spectacular than the longer nesting seasons of insectivorous birds but probably for the same selective reason: seasonality among invertebrate prey.

But, being mammals, with a gestation period of several weeks or months, the environmental signals for mating and ovulation have to be earlier.

Among the flat-headed bats Tylonycteris ?spp. of the Gombak valley, I concluded that the environmental signal for ovulation and implantation was the short period of 'drought' (>2 weeks without rain) and consequent high daily air temperatures occurring wth regularity ?some time in January each year.

Can this seasonality explain mast events ?

So long ago !

 ?

From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Ashton, Peter
Sent: 01 March 2019 12:31
To: Cam Webb; 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 ?

Hello Cam and Mastwatchers,

 ?

A couple of months ago I sent the attached note to the Malaysian Nature Journal: I would welcome your comments!

 ?

Peter

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Cam Webb 
Sent: Thursday, February 28, 2019 5:53:49 PM
To: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast 

?

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list

http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list

http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
  
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From: (Siew Te Wong)
Date: Mon, 25 Mar 2019 16:38:04 +0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <MWHPR07MB308783F943FF7396ED730172E3760@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <006a01d4d077$2f166730$8d433590$@co.uk>,
 <1053832653.17365227.1553518363206@mail.yahoo.com>

Status: O




Hi all,

I met the Sarawak delegates from Sarawak Forestry Department last  Heart of Borneo conference in KK. They are selling the Engkabang butter from this year's harvest. Looks like a good masting year in Sarawak.

Here are the locations during Jan-Feb 2019 engkabang harvest:

  *   Ulu Mujok, Jalau, Sarikei  -
  *   Ulu Engkari, Lubok Antu, Batang Ai
  *   Kanowit
  *

They mentioned that they are expecting  Baram, and Miri area during April and above.

Here in Sepilok Forest Reserve, Sandakan, Sabah, many trees started to flowers. I expect next month will the flowering peak and July-August is the fruiting peak.


Attached with some photos of the engkabang harvesting in Sarawak.


Thank you.



Kindest regards,

Wong



Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.

???????S????????????
C.E.O. and Founder,

Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email: <

skype: wongsiew

Cell: 016-555 1256



http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc

http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC

http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear

"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"



________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Katharine Pearce 
Sent: Monday, March 25, 2019 8:52 PM
To: 'Ashton, Peter'; Lord Cranbrook
Cc: ; Peter C. Boyce
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Dear Mastwatchers,

very late in the day to state that there was reportedly a heavy fruiting of Engkabang (Shorea macrophylla) fruits in the Lundu area of Sarawak early this year (Jan/Feb). They are selling engkabang 'margarine' in Sibu market, apparently. Also I heard that there were several dipterocarp species fruiting in Kubah National Park. However, nothing doing on the Dryobalanops rappa  at Stutong Forest Park.

Peter Boyce has more first hand information for Sarawak, so I have cc'd him here.

Warm regards to all

Kit Pearce

On Saturday, 2 March 2019, 05:39:10 GMT+8, Lord Cranbrook  wrote:



Responding to Peter Ashton

In Peninsular Malaysia, among swallows, the nesting season of resident Hirundo tahitca  departure of  the migratory barn swallows Hirundo rustica. Forest insectivorous passerines may also be adapted to nest when migratory competitors for resources are absent.

In Peninsular Malaysia and Sarawak, many gregarious insectivorous bats of (dipterocarp) forest habitat have coordinated annual seasons of birth. typically April. Much more spectacular than the longer nesting seasons of insectivorous birds but probably for the same selective reason: seasonality among invertebrate prey.

But, being mammals, with a gestation period of several weeks or months, the environmental signals for mating and ovulation have to be earlier.

Among the flat-headed bats Tylonycteris  spp. of the Gombak valley, I concluded that the environmental signal for ovulation and implantation was the short period of 'drought' (>2 weeks without rain) and consequent high daily air temperatures occurring wth regularity  some time in January each year.

Can this seasonality explain mast events ?

So long ago !



From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Ashton, Peter
Sent: 01 March 2019 12:31
To: Cam Webb; 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast



Hello Cam and Mastwatchers,



A couple of months ago I sent the attached note to the Malaysian Nature Journal: I would welcome your comments!



Peter

________________________________

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Cam Webb 
Sent: Thursday, February 28, 2019 5:53:49 PM
To: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast



Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I??ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list

http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net

_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list
<
http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
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From: (Siew Te Wong)
Date: Mon, 25 Mar 2019 17:02:21 +0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>, <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>

Status: O




Hi all,
This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.


https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/






Thank you.



Kindest regards,

Wong



Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.

???????S????????????
C.E.O. and Founder,

Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email: <

skype: wongsiew

Cell: 016-555 1256



http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc

http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC

http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear

"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"



________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David 
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Hi Cam and all,

I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!

Cheers
Chris


Dr. Christopher Philipson
<

http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html

http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao




On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb <<> wrote:

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I??ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list
<
http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net

-------------- next part --------------
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From: (Andreas Carlson)
Date: Wed, 27 Mar 2019 01:54:08 +0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>

Status: O




Dear all,

This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501).
Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight!

Thanks for sharing.

Best,
Andreas.
?????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor
Department of Mathematics
University of Oslo

E-mail: <
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson
Skype: carlsona

On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong <<> wrote:

Hi all,
This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.


https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/





Thank you.



Kindest regards,
Wong



Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.
??????????

C.E.O. and Founder,

Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email: <
skype: wongsiew
Cell: 016-555 1256



http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc
http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC
http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear

"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"



________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David <<>
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Hi Cam and all,

I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!

Cheers
Chris


Dr. Christopher Philipson
<

http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html

http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao




On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb <<> wrote:

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list
<
http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net

_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list
<
http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net

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From: (Ashton, Peter)
Date: Wed, 27 Mar 2019 10:07:52 +0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>,
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>

Status: O




Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,


There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.


Peter

________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Andreas Carlson 
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
To: Siew Te Wong
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Dear all,

This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=>).
Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight!

Thanks for sharing.

Best,
Andreas.
??????????????????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor
Department of Mathematics
University of Oslo

E-mail: <
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson
Skype: carlsona

On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong <<> wrote:

Hi all,
This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.


https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=>





Thank you.



Kindest regards,
Wong



Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.
???????S????????????

C.E.O. and Founder,

Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email: <
skype: wongsiew
Cell: 016-555 1256



http://www.bsbcc.org.my/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=>
https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=>
http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=>
http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=>

"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"



________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David <<>
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Hi Cam and all,

I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!

Cheers
Chris


Dr. Christopher Philipson
<

http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=>

http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=>




On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb <<> wrote:

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I??ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list
<
http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__lists.phylodiversity.net_listinfo.cgi_mastwatch-2Dphylodiversity.net&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PVUjFNrOUaFF-hmCJesUN3R8_QIRKvzSHg3_rSMaJBw&e=>

_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list
<
http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__lists.phylodiversity.net_listinfo.cgi_mastwatch-2Dphylodiversity.net&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PVUjFNrOUaFF-hmCJesUN3R8_QIRKvzSHg3_rSMaJBw&e=>

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From: (Mikaail Kavanagh)
Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 12:15:00 +0800
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
 <MWHPR07MB308790ECA754DA8EE8CAFE9FE3580@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>

Status: O




Hi Friends, 

Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.

Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?

Thanks for sharing.

Mike

Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE
Mobile: 	+6012 267 5775
Office:   +603 6203 3138 
Email:	 <
Skype:	mikaail.kavanagh
Office:  Suite A-06-06  
  Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara 
  50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia		



> On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter  wrote:
> 
> Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,
> 
> There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.
> 
> Peter
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Andreas Carlson 
> Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
> To: Siew Teu Wong
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Dear all, 
> 
> This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=>).
> Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight! 
> 
> Thanks for sharing. 
> 
> Best,
> Andreas.
> ?????????????
> Andreas Carlson
> Associate Professor 
> Department of Mathematics 
> University of Oslo
> 
> E-mail:  <
> Phone: (+47) 228-57223
> Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson
> Skype: carlsona
> 
>> On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong < <> wrote:
>> 
>> Hi all,
>> This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.
>> https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/ <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=>
>> 
>> Thank you.
>>  
>> Kindest regards,
>> Wong
>>  
>> Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.  
>> ??????????
>> C.E.O. and Founder, 
>> Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
>> email:  <
>> skype: wongsiew
>> Cell: 016-555 1256
>>  
>> http://www.bsbcc.org.my/ <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=>
>> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=>
>> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=>
>> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=>
>> 
>> "May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"
>>  
>> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch- <mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David < <>
>> Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
>> To: Cam Webb
>> Cc:  <
>> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>>  
>> Hi Cam and all, 
>> 
>> I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!
>> 
>> Cheers
>> Chris
>> 
>> Dr. Christopher Philipson
>>  <
>> 
>> http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=>
>> 
>> http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=>
>> 
>> 
>>> On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb < <> wrote:
>>> 
>>> Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).
>>> 
>>> It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
>>> 2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
>>> ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
>>> details when I know them.
>>> 
>>> Best,
>>> 
>>> Cam
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Mastwatch mailing list
>>>  <
>>> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__lists.phylodiversity.net_listinfo.cgi_mastwatch-2Dphylodiversity.net&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PVUjFNrOUaFF-hmCJesUN3R8_QIRKvzSHg3_rSMaJBw&e=>
>> 

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From: (Lord Cranbrook)
Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 11:43:12 -0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
 <MWHPR07MB308790ECA754DA8EE8CAFE9FE3580@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <6E40ED10-E819-40AF-B7CF-882DD7F7C0F1@gmail.com>

Status: O




THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.

Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?

ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers

 

From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson; 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Hi Friends, 

 

Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.

 

Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?

 

Thanks for sharing.

 

Mike

 

Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE

Mobile:  +6012 267 5775

Office:   +603 6203 3138 

Email: 

Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh

Office:  Suite A-06-06  

  Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara 

  50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia                  

 

 





On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter  wrote:

 

Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,

 

There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.

 

Peter

  _____  

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Andreas Carlson 
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
To: Siew Teu Wong
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Dear all, 

 

This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=> ).

Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight! 

 

Thanks for sharing. 

 

Best,

Andreas.

?????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor 
Department of Mathematics 
University of Oslo

E-mail:  < 
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson
Skype: carlsona





On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong  wrote:

 

Hi all,

This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.

https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/ <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=> 

 

Thank you.

 

Kindest regards,

Wong

 

Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.  

??????????

C.E.O. and Founder, 

Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email:  < 

skype: wongsiew

Cell: 016-555 1256

 

http://www.bsbcc.org.my/ <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=> 
 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear


"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"

 

  _____  

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David 
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Hi Cam and all, 

 

I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!

 

Cheers

Chris

 

Dr. Christopher Philipson



 

http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=> 

 

http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=> &hl=en&oi=ao

 





On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb  wrote:

 

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list

http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__lists.phylodiversity.net_listinfo.cgi_mastwatch-2Dphylodiversity.net&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PVUjFNrOUaFF-hmCJesUN3R8_QIRKvzSHg3_rSMaJBw&e=> 

 

 

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From: (Tim Laman)
Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 08:46:07 -0400
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
 <MWHPR07MB308790ECA754DA8EE8CAFE9FE3580@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <6E40ED10-E819-40AF-B7CF-882DD7F7C0F1@gmail.com>
 <007101d4e55b$6cef3e30$46cdba90$@co.uk>

Status: O




Greetings all,

To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways.  I don?t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don?t get far.  

For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?

Best,
Tim


> On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook  wrote:
> 
> THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.
> Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?
> ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers
> ? <>
> From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch- <mailto:mastwatch->] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
> Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
> To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson;  <
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Hi Friends, 
>  
> Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.
>  
> Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?
>  
> Thanks for sharing.
>  
> Mike
>  
> Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE
> Mobile:  +6012 267 5775
> Office:   +603 6203 3138 
> Email:  <
> Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh
> Office:  Suite A-06-06  
>   Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara 
>   50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia                  
>  
>  
> 
> 
> On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter < <> wrote:
>  
> Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,
>  
> There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.
>  
> Peter
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch- <mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Andreas Carlson < <>
> Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
> To: Siew Teu Wong
> Cc:  <
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Dear all, 
>  
> This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=>).
> Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight! 
>  
> Thanks for sharing. 
>  
> Best,
> Andreas.
> ?????????????
> Andreas Carlson
> Associate Professor 
> Department of Mathematics 
> University of Oslo
> 
> E-mail:  <
> Phone: (+47) 228-57223
> Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson <http://folk.uio.no/acarlson>
> Skype: carlsona
> 
> 
> On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong < <> wrote:
>  
> Hi all,
> This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.
> https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/ <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=>
>  
> Thank you.
>  
> Kindest regards,
> Wong
>  
> Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.  
> ??????????
> C.E.O. and Founder, 
> Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
> email:  <
> skype: wongsiew
> Cell: 016-555 1256
>  
> http://www.bsbcc.org.my/ <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=>
> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=>
> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=>
> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=>
> 
> "May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"
>  
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch- <mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David < <>
> Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
> To: Cam Webb
> Cc:  <
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Hi Cam and all, 
>  
> I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!
>  
> Cheers
> Chris
>  
> Dr. Christopher Philipson
>  <
>  
> http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=>
>  
> http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=>
>  
> 
> 
> On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb < <> wrote:
>  
> Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).
> 
> It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
> 2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
> ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
> details when I know them.
> 
> Best,
> 
> Cam
> _______________________________________________
> Mastwatch mailing list
>  <
> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__lists.phylodiversity.net_listinfo.cgi_mastwatch-2Dphylodiversity.net&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PVUjFNrOUaFF-hmCJesUN3R8_QIRKvzSHg3_rSMaJBw&e=>
>  
>  
> _______________________________________________
> Mastwatch mailing list
>  <
> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net <http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net>
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From: (Corlett_XTBG)
Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 21:21:08 +0800
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
 <MWHPR07MB308790ECA754DA8EE8CAFE9FE3580@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <6E40ED10-E819-40AF-B7CF-882DD7F7C0F1@gmail.com>
 <007101d4e55b$6cef3e30$46cdba90$@co.uk>
 <EF83C5AC-D313-4B13-8989-3B8D8481DF84@timlaman.com>

Status: O




I remember Tim Whitmore telling me that he had heard reports from foresters of clouds of dipterocarp fruits being carried upwards from fruiting trees by some sort of updraft and dispersed into the distance. The presence of dipterocarps on oceanic islands in the Philippines and Wallacea, and right through to New Guinea, shows that this must happen, but I wonder if it happens often enough to be ecologically significant and thus selected for. 

Cheers,

Richard

 

New book in press: expected May, 2019. 

The Ecology of Tropical East Asia, 3rd ed., 2019, Oxford University Press

 

From: mastwatch- [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Tim Laman
Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 8:46 PM
To: Lord Cranbrook
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Greetings all,

 

To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways.  I don?t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don?t get far.  

 

For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?

 

Best,

Tim



 

On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook  wrote:

 

THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.

Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?

ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers

 

From: Mastwatch [ <mailto:mastwatch-> mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson;  < 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Hi Friends, 

 

Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.

 

Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?

 

Thanks for sharing.

 

Mike

 

Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE

Mobile:  +6012 267 5775

Office:   +603 6203 3138 

Email:  < 

Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh

Office:  Suite A-06-06  

  Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara 

  50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia                  

 

 






On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter < < > wrote:

 

Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,

 

There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.

 

Peter

  _____  

From: Mastwatch < <mailto:mastwatch-> mastwatch-> on behalf of Andreas Carlson < < >
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
To: Siew Teu Wong
Cc:  < 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Dear all, 

 

This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight ( <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=> https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501).

Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight! 

 

Thanks for sharing. 

 

Best,

Andreas.

?????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor 
Department of Mathematics 
University of Oslo

 < E-mail: 
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web:  <http://folk.uio.no/acarlson> folk.uio.no/acarlson
Skype: carlsona






On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong < < > wrote:

 

Hi all,

This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=> https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/

 

Thank you.

 

Kindest regards,

Wong

 

Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.  

??????????

C.E.O. and Founder, 

Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email:  < 

skype: wongsiew

Cell: 016-555 1256

 

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=> http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear


"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"

 


  _____  


From: Mastwatch < <mailto:mastwatch-> mastwatch-> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David < < >
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc:  < 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Hi Cam and all, 

 

I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!

 

Cheers

Chris

 

Dr. Christopher Philipson

 < 

 

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=> http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html

 

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=> http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao

 






On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb < < > wrote:

 

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list
 < 
 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__lists.phylodiversity.net_listinfo.cgi_mastwatch-2Dphylodiversity.net&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PVUjFNrOUaFF-hmCJesUN3R8_QIRKvzSHg3_rSMaJBw&e=> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net

 

 

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From: (Ferry Slik)
Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 13:42:02 +0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
 <MWHPR07MB308790ECA754DA8EE8CAFE9FE3580@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <6E40ED10-E819-40AF-B7CF-882DD7F7C0F1@gmail.com>,
 <007101d4e55b$6cef3e30$46cdba90$@co.uk>

Status: O




The winged fruits are very effectively dispersed by windstorms..... Given the lifespan of a tree it doesn't really matter that most seeds drop right down most years, as long as every now and then some get caught in a windstorm.....

Ferry Slik
Associate Professor & Curator of the UBD Herbarium
Faculty of Science
Universiti Brunei Darussalam,
Jln Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.

Website
http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/
http://expert.ubd.edu.bn/profiles/johan.slik.php
<http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/>
Plants of Southeast Asia
http://www.asianplant.net<http://www.asianplant.net/>

Asian plant species synonym website
http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/synonym_lookup.htm

Faculty of Science
http://fos.ubd.edu.bn/index.html

________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Lord Cranbrook 
Sent: 28 March 2019 7:43 PM
To: 'Mikaail Kavanagh'; 'Ashton, Peter'; 'Wong Siew Te DJN'; 'Andreas Carlson'; 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.

Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?

ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers



From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson; 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast



Hi Friends,



Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.



Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?



Thanks for sharing.



Mike



Dato?? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE

Mobile:  +6012 267 5775

Office:   +603 6203 3138

Email: <

Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh

Office:  Suite A-06-06

  Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara

  50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia







On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter <<> wrote:



Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,



There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.



Peter

________________________________

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Andreas Carlson <<>
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
To: Siew Teu Wong
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast



Dear all,



This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=>).

Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight!



Thanks for sharing.



Best,

Andreas.

??????????????????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor
Department of Mathematics
University of Oslo

E-mail: <
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson<http://folk.uio.no/acarlson>
Skype: carlsona



On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong <<> wrote:



Hi all,

This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.

https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=>



Thank you.



Kindest regards,

Wong



Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.

???????S????????????

C.E.O. and Founder,

Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email: <

skype: wongsiew

Cell: 016-555 1256



http://www.bsbcc.org.my/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=>
https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=>

http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=>

http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=>

"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"



________________________________

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David <<>
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast



Hi Cam and all,



I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!



Cheers

Chris



Dr. Christopher Philipson

<



http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=>



http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=>





On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb <<> wrote:



Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I??ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list
<
http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__lists.phylodiversity.net_listinfo.cgi_mastwatch-2Dphylodiversity.net&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PVUjFNrOUaFF-hmCJesUN3R8_QIRKvzSHg3_rSMaJBw&e=>




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From: (Mark Leighton)
Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 13:45:09 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
 <MWHPR07MB308790ECA754DA8EE8CAFE9FE3580@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <6E40ED10-E819-40AF-B7CF-882DD7F7C0F1@gmail.com>
 <007101d4e55b$6cef3e30$46cdba90$@co.uk>
 <EF83C5AC-D313-4B13-8989-3B8D8481DF84@timlaman.com>

Status: O




 correct, Tim
    On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman  wrote:  
 
 Greetings all,
To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways. ?I don?t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy. ?Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don?t get far. ?
For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones. ?While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree. ?But selection operates on rare events, right? ?What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms? ?Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?
Best,Tim

On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook  wrote:
THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers ?From:?Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-]?On Behalf Of?Mikaail Kavanagh
Sent:?28 March 2019 04:15
To:?Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson;?
Subject:?Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast ?Hi Friends,? ?Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level. ?Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches. ?Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences? ?In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the?Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)? ?Thanks for sharing. ?Mike ?Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh,?MBEMobile:? +6012 267 5775Office: ??+603 6203 3138?Email:?:???????????mikaail.kavanaghOffice: ?Suite A-06-06??? Plaza Mont Kiara, ?2 Jalan Kiara?? 50480 ?Kuala Lumpur, ? Malaysia?????????????????? ? ?

On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter  wrote: ?Hi Andreas and mastwatchers, ?There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well. ?PeterFrom:?Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Andreas Carlson 
Sent:?Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
To:?Siew Teu Wong
Cc:?
Subject:?Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast?Dear all,? ?This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501).Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight!? ?Thanks for sharing.? ?Best,Andreas.?????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor?
Department of Mathematics?
University of Oslo

E-mail: 
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web:?folk.uio.no/acarlson
Skype: carlsona

On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong  wrote: ?Hi all,This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/ ?Thank you.?Kindest regards,Wong?Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N. ???????????C.E.O. and Founder,?Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email:?: wongsiewCell: 016-555 1256?http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcchttp://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCChttp://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear
"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"?From:?Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David 
Sent:?Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To:?Cam Webb
Cc:?
Subject:?Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast?Hi Cam and all,? ?I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala. ?Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point! ?CheersChris ?Dr. Christopher  ?http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html ?http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao ?

On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb  wrote: ?Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list

http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net ? ?_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list

http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net

_______________________________________________
Mastwatch mailing list

http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
  
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From: (Ashton, Peter)
Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 14:18:00 +0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
 <MWHPR07MB308790ECA754DA8EE8CAFE9FE3580@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <6E40ED10-E819-40AF-B7CF-882DD7F7C0F1@gmail.com>
 <007101d4e55b$6cef3e30$46cdba90$@co.uk>
 <EF83C5AC-D313-4B13-8989-3B8D8481DF84@timlaman.com>,
 <499669348.11832221.1553780710208@mail.yahoo.com>

Status: O




One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.


Peter

________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Mark Leighton 
Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
To: Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

correct, Tim

On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman  wrote:


Greetings all,

To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won??t keep moving sideways.  I don??t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don??t get far.

For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ??clean release?? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?

Best,
Tim
[cid:J4UAC2fVhd1G1fe8ohZz]

On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook <<> wrote:

THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.
Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?
ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers

From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson; <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Hi Friends,

Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.

Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?

Thanks for sharing.

Mike

Dato?? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE
Mobile:  +6012 267 5775
Office:   +603 6203 3138
Email: <
Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh
Office:  Suite A-06-06
  Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara
  50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia




On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter <<> wrote:

Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,

There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.

Peter
________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Andreas Carlson <<>
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
To: Siew Teu Wong
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Dear all,

This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=>).
Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight!

Thanks for sharing.

Best,
Andreas.
??????????????????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor
Department of Mathematics
University of Oslo

E-mail: <
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__folk.uio.no_acarlson&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=Fi5GKWYaWjhKmQFBZcQoNuz7Ibt2pwm61XO1yyIXx7o&s=wMR8kCYtS5AIksjGngDctbtM6yQzrn_ltGsDX-JS9WE&e=>
Skype: carlsona


On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong <<> wrote:

Hi all,
This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.
https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=>

Thank you.

Kindest regards,
Wong

Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.
???????S????????????
C.E.O. and Founder,
Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email: <
skype: wongsiew
Cell: 016-555 1256

http://www.bsbcc.org.my/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=>
https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=>
http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=>
http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=>

"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"

________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David <<>
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Hi Cam and all,

I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!

Cheers
Chris

Dr. Christopher Philipson
<

http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=>

http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=>



On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb <<> wrote:

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I??ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
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From: (Chuck Cannon)
Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 09:44:17 -0500
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
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 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com> <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
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 <007101d4e55b$6cef3e30$46cdba90$@co.uk>
 <EF83C5AC-D313-4B13-8989-3B8D8481DF84@timlaman.com>
 <499669348.11832221.1553780710208@mail.yahoo.com>
 <MWHPR07MB3087BCFDD6D480E3CEF6FAD2E3590@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>

Status: O




Great discussion, everyone.

I agree with Tim Laman's remark about how these forests are largely shaped
by rare events (that are statistically almost impossible to analyze) and
trees do an enormous amount of bet hedging and experimentation in an
attempt to win one of those lotteries.  A single tree probably does not
pursue a single strategy for getting its seeds into an advantageous
position but is simultaneously making numerous wagers.

In line with Peter's observation about the ones on more specialized and
localized habitats having poorer dispersal abilities, you see the same
thing in Lithocarpus.  The stone oaks are another group with rather
mysterious dispersal.

Chuck

On Thu, Mar 28, :18 AM Ashton, Peter 
wrote:

> One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp
> species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult
> sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread
> Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.
>
>
> Peter
> ------------------------------
> *From:* Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf
> of Mark Leighton 
> *Sent:* Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
> *To:* Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
> *Cc:* 
> *Subject:* Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>
> correct, Tim
>
> On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman 
> wrote:
>
>
> Greetings all,
>
> To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited
> lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by
> the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways.  I don?t think a very
> large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the
> ground, but they certainly don?t get far.
>
> For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the
> canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy
> new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig
> tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release?
> from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath
> the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that
> big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few
> seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better
> than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?
>
> Best,
> Tim
>
> On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook <
> > wrote:
>
> THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees,
> after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.
> Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?
> ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers
>
> *From:* Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-
> <mastwatch->] *On Behalf Of *Mikaail
> Kavanagh
> *Sent:* 28 March 2019 04:15
> *To:* Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson;
> 
> *Subject:* Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>
> Hi Friends,
>
> Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of
> the winged fruit never make it to ground level.
>
> Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the
> relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for
> different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different
> selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has
> anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long
> distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (*Dipterocarpus
> oblongifolius*)?
>
> Thanks for sharing.
>
> *Mike*
>
> Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, *MBE*
> Mobile:  +6012 267 5775
> Office:   +603 6203 3138
> Email: 
> Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh
> Office:  Suite A-06-06
>   Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara
>   50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia
>
>
>
>
> On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter  wrote:
>
> Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,
>
> There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged
> fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast
> majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few
> metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus
> winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus
> dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study
> as well.
>
> Peter
> ------------------------------
> *From:* Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf
> of Andreas Carlson 
> *Sent:* Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
> *To:* Siew Teu Wong
> *Cc:* 
> *Subject:* Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>
> Dear all,
>
> This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding
> how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (
> https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=>
> ).
> Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight!
>
> Thanks for sharing.
>
> Best,
> Andreas.
> ?????????????
> Andreas Carlson
> Associate Professor
> Department of Mathematics
> University of Oslo
>
> E-mail:  
> Phone: (+47) 228-57223
> Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__folk.uio.no_acarlson&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=Fi5GKWYaWjhKmQFBZcQoNuz7Ibt2pwm61XO1yyIXx7o&s=wMR8kCYtS5AIksjGngDctbtM6yQzrn_ltGsDX-JS9WE&e=>
> Skype: carlsona
>
>
> On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong  wrote:
>
> Hi all,
> This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.
> https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=>
>
> Thank you.
>
> Kindest regards,
> Wong
>
> Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.
> ??????????
> C.E.O. and Founder,
> Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
> email: 
> skype: wongsiew
> Cell: 016-555 1256
>
> http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=>
> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=>
> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=>
> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=>
>
> *"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"*
>
> ------------------------------
> *From:* Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf
> of Philipson Christopher David 
> *Sent:* Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
> *To:* Cam Webb
> *Cc:* 
> *Subject:* Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>
> Hi Cam and all,
>
> I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest
> reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant
> to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles
> climatically and  point!
>
> Cheers
> Chris
>
> Dr. Christopher Philipson
> 
>
> http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=>
>
> http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=>
>
>
>
> On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb  wrote:
>
> Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).
>
> It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
> 2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
> ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
> details when I know them.
>
> Best,
>
> Cam
> _______________________________________________
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>
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From: (Ghazoul  Jaboury)
Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 16:04:20 +0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
 <MWHPR07MB308790ECA754DA8EE8CAFE9FE3580@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <6E40ED10-E819-40AF-B7CF-882DD7F7C0F1@gmail.com>
 <007101d4e55b$6cef3e30$46cdba90$@co.uk>
 <EF83C5AC-D313-4B13-8989-3B8D8481DF84@timlaman.com>
 <499669348.11832221.1553780710208@mail.yahoo.com>
 <MWHPR07MB3087BCFDD6D480E3CEF6FAD2E3590@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <CAJNaLuCk-mPPLt7_gx+9K5s01AZu1X3XwrG5smSLCmxmTTqVsQ@mail.gmail.com>

Status: O




I have been following this thread with interest. I agree that rare windy events have a substantial impact on dispersal. I have seen very large numbers of dipterocarp fruit dispersed great distances (100s of metres) during strong winds, albeit in rather open dry deciduous dipterocarp forests in Thailand. I have also seen large quantities of fruit being dispersed several tens of metres (at least) from dipterocarps in Sepilok, although this was in forest edge conditions.

Genetic studies suggest that dipterocarp seed dispersal can be quite substantial, and while no doubt the large majority of fruit are dropped close to the mother tree (see Smith et al. 2018 for a multispecies comparative assessment of this) what really matters are those seeds that survive, establish, and grow.

I have always been curious about why some dipterocarp species lost their wings. If substantial numbers of fruit do get caught in canopies and fail to establish, then there should be strong selection pressure against wings. I would expect strongly shade tolerant species to be more likely to have non-winged fruit. Wings are also likely to be of little value for subcanopy species, or those in dense forests, both in terms of dispersal function and shade tolerance traits (e.g., large fruit sizes). Localities that experience little wind such as, perhaps, sheltered riparian species, might be less likely to have wings than ridgetop species.

Jaboury


From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> On Behalf Of Chuck Cannon
Sent: 28 March 2019 15:44
To: Ashton, Peter 
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Great discussion, everyone.

I agree with Tim Laman's remark about how these forests are largely shaped by rare events (that are statistically almost impossible to analyze) and trees do an enormous amount of bet hedging and experimentation in an attempt to win one of those lotteries.  A single tree probably does not pursue a single strategy for getting its seeds into an advantageous position but is simultaneously making numerous wagers.

In line with Peter's observation about the ones on more specialized and localized habitats having poorer dispersal abilities, you see the same thing in Lithocarpus.  The stone oaks are another group with rather mysterious dispersal.

Chuck

On Thu, Mar 28, :18 AM Ashton, Peter <<> wrote:

One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.



Peter

________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Mark Leighton <<>
Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
To: Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

correct, Tim

On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman <<> wrote:


Greetings all,

To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways.  I don?t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don?t get far.

For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?

Best,
Tim
[cid:]

On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook <<> wrote:

THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.
Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?
ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers

From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson; <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Hi Friends,

Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.

Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?

Thanks for sharing.

Mike

Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE
Mobile:  +6012 267 5775
Office:   +603 6203 3138
Email: <
Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh
Office:  Suite A-06-06
  Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara
  50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia



On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter <<> wrote:

Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,

There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.

Peter
________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Andreas Carlson <<>
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
To: Siew Teu Wong
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Dear all,

This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=>).
Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight!

Thanks for sharing.

Best,
Andreas.
?????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor
Department of Mathematics
University of Oslo

E-mail: <
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__folk.uio.no_acarlson&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=Fi5GKWYaWjhKmQFBZcQoNuz7Ibt2pwm61XO1yyIXx7o&s=wMR8kCYtS5AIksjGngDctbtM6yQzrn_ltGsDX-JS9WE&e=>
Skype: carlsona

On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong <<> wrote:

Hi all,
This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.
https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=>

Thank you.

Kindest regards,
Wong

Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.
??????????
C.E.O. and Founder,
Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email: <
skype: wongsiew
Cell: 016-555 1256

http://www.bsbcc.org.my/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=>
https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=>
http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=>
http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=>

"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"

________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David <<>
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Hi Cam and all,

I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!

Cheers
Chris

Dr. Christopher Philipson
<

http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=>

http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=>


On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb <<> wrote:

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
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From: (Ashton, Peter)
Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 16:49:43 +0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com>
 <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
 <MWHPR07MB308790ECA754DA8EE8CAFE9FE3580@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <6E40ED10-E819-40AF-B7CF-882DD7F7C0F1@gmail.com>
 <007101d4e55b$6cef3e30$46cdba90$@co.uk>
 <EF83C5AC-D313-4B13-8989-3B8D8481DF84@timlaman.com>,
 <499669348.11832221.1553780710208@mail.yahoo.com>,
 <MWHPR07MB3087BCFDD6D480E3CEF6FAD2E3590@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>

Status: O




And for you generalists: These wingless insular dipterocarps might best be considered vegetable kiwis??


Peter


________________________________
From: Ashton, Peter
Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 2:18 PM
To: Mark Leighton; Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.


Peter

________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Mark Leighton 
Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
To: Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

correct, Tim

On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman  wrote:


Greetings all,

To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won??t keep moving sideways.  I don??t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don??t get far.

For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ??clean release?? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?

Best,
Tim
[cid:J4UAC2fVhd1G1fe8ohZz]

On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook <<> wrote:

THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.
Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?
ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers

From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson; <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Hi Friends,

Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.

Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?

Thanks for sharing.

Mike

Dato?? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE
Mobile:  +6012 267 5775
Office:   +603 6203 3138
Email: <
Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh
Office:  Suite A-06-06
  Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara
  50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia




On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter <<> wrote:

Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,

There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.

Peter
________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Andreas Carlson <<>
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
To: Siew Teu Wong
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Dear all,

This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=>).
Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight!

Thanks for sharing.

Best,
Andreas.
??????????????????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor
Department of Mathematics
University of Oslo

E-mail: <
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__folk.uio.no_acarlson&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=Fi5GKWYaWjhKmQFBZcQoNuz7Ibt2pwm61XO1yyIXx7o&s=wMR8kCYtS5AIksjGngDctbtM6yQzrn_ltGsDX-JS9WE&e=>
Skype: carlsona


On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong <<> wrote:

Hi all,
This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.
https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=>

Thank you.

Kindest regards,
Wong

Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.
???????S????????????
C.E.O. and Founder,
Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email: <
skype: wongsiew
Cell: 016-555 1256

http://www.bsbcc.org.my/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=>
https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=>
http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=>
http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=>

"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"

________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David <<>
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

Hi Cam and all,

I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!

Cheers
Chris

Dr. Christopher Philipson
<

http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=>

http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=>



On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb <<> wrote:

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I??ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
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From: (Corlett_XTBG)
Date: Fri, 29 Mar 2019 09:19:45 +0800
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
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 <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
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 <6E40ED10-E819-40AF-B7CF-882DD7F7C0F1@gmail.com>
 <007101d4e55b$6cef3e30$46cdba90$@co.uk>
 <EF83C5AC-D313-4B13-8989-3B8D8481DF84@timlaman.com>
 <499669348.11832221.1553780710208@mail.yahoo.com>
 <MWHPR07MB3087BCFDD6D480E3CEF6FAD2E3590@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <CAJNaLuCk-mPPLt7_gx+9K5s01AZu1X3XwrG5smSLCmxmTTqVsQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <0FA10C3A5665164FA63A039D958BA1D961C7C7BF@MBX211.d.ethz.ch>

Status: O




Don?t underestimate scatter-hoarding rodents for wingless dipterocarps. Recent studies show that they can disperse Fagaceae ? including Chuck?s stone oaks - tens of metres by caching and re-caching, and big rats like Leopoldamys move them a long way in one go. Scatter-hoarding would select strongly against wings, since they would get caught on obstacles when being dragged sideways. 

 

Richard

 

From: mastwatch- [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Ghazoul Jaboury
Sent: Friday, March 29, 2019 12:04 AM
To: Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

I have been following this thread with interest. I agree that rare windy events have a substantial impact on dispersal. I have seen very large numbers of dipterocarp fruit dispersed great distances (100s of metres) during strong winds, albeit in rather open dry deciduous dipterocarp forests in Thailand. I have also seen large quantities of fruit being dispersed several tens of metres (at least) from dipterocarps in Sepilok, although this was in forest edge conditions.

 

Genetic studies suggest that dipterocarp seed dispersal can be quite substantial, and while no doubt the large majority of fruit are dropped close to the mother tree (see Smith et al. 2018 for a multispecies comparative assessment of this) what really matters are those seeds that survive, establish, and grow. 

 

I have always been curious about why some dipterocarp species lost their wings. If substantial numbers of fruit do get caught in canopies and fail to establish, then there should be strong selection pressure against wings. I would expect strongly shade tolerant species to be more likely to have non-winged fruit. Wings are also likely to be of little value for subcanopy species, or those in dense forests, both in terms of dispersal function and shade tolerance traits (e.g., large fruit sizes). Localities that experience little wind such as, perhaps, sheltered riparian species, might be less likely to have wings than ridgetop species. 

 

Jaboury

 

 

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> On Behalf Of Chuck Cannon
Sent: 28 March 2019 15:44
To: Ashton, Peter 
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Great discussion, everyone.  

 

I agree with Tim Laman's remark about how these forests are largely shaped by rare events (that are statistically almost impossible to analyze) and trees do an enormous amount of bet hedging and experimentation in an attempt to win one of those lotteries.  A single tree probably does not pursue a single strategy for getting its seeds into an advantageous position but is simultaneously making numerous wagers.  

 

In line with Peter's observation about the ones on more specialized and localized habitats having poorer dispersal abilities, you see the same thing in Lithocarpus.  The stone oaks are another group with rather mysterious dispersal.

 

Chuck

 

On Thu, Mar 28, :18 AM Ashton, Peter  wrote:

One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.

 

Peter 

  _____  

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Mark Leighton 
Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
To: Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast 

 

correct, Tim

 

On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman  wrote: 

 

 

Greetings all, 

 

To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways.  I don?t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don?t get far.  

 

For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?

 

Best,

Tim



 

On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook  wrote:

 

THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.

Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?

ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers

 

From: Mastwatch [ <mailto:mastwatch-> mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson;  < 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Hi Friends, 

 

Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.

 

Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?

 

Thanks for sharing.

 

Mike

 

Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE

Mobile:  +6012 267 5775

Office:   +603 6203 3138 

Email:  < 

Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh

Office:  Suite A-06-06  

  Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara 

  50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia                  

 

 

 

On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter < < > wrote:

 

Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,

 

There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.

 

Peter


  _____  


From: Mastwatch < <mailto:mastwatch-> mastwatch-> on behalf of Andreas Carlson < < >
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
To: Siew Teu Wong
Cc:  < 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Dear all, 

 

This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight ( <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=> https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501).

Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight! 

 

Thanks for sharing. 

 

Best,

Andreas.

?????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor 
Department of Mathematics 
University of Oslo

 < E-mail: 
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web:  <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__folk.uio.no_acarlson&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=Fi5GKWYaWjhKmQFBZcQoNuz7Ibt2pwm61XO1yyIXx7o&s=wMR8kCYtS5AIksjGngDctbtM6yQzrn_ltGsDX-JS9WE&e=> folk.uio.no/acarlson
Skype: carlsona

 

On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong < < > wrote:

 

Hi all,

This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=> https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/

 

Thank you.

 

Kindest regards,

Wong

 

Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.  

??????????

C.E.O. and Founder, 

Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email:  < 

skype: wongsiew

Cell: 016-555 1256

 

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=> http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear


"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"

 


  _____  


From: Mastwatch < <mailto:mastwatch-> mastwatch-> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David < < >
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc:  < 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Hi Cam and all, 

 

I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!

 

Cheers

Chris

 

Dr. Christopher Philipson

 < 

 

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=> http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html

 

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=> http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao

 

 

On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb < < > wrote:

 

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
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From: (Ferry Slik)
Date: Fri, 29 Mar 2019 01:48:14 +0000
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
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 <0FA10C3A5665164FA63A039D958BA1D961C7C7BF@MBX211.d.ethz.ch>,
 <005c01d4e5cd$829ef960$87dcec20$@xtbg.org.cn>

Status: O




Should be possible to set up some projects to  some of these hypotheses.....

Ferry Slik
Associate Professor & Curator of the UBD Herbarium
Faculty of Science
Universiti Brunei Darussalam,
Jln Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.

Website
http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/
http://expert.ubd.edu.bn/profiles/johan.slik.php
<http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/>
Plants of Southeast Asia
http://www.asianplant.net<http://www.asianplant.net/>

Asian plant species synonym website
http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/synonym_lookup.htm

Faculty of Science
http://fos.ubd.edu.bn/index.html

________________________________
From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Corlett_XTBG 
Sent: 29 March 2019 9:19 AM
To: 'Ghazoul Jaboury'; 'Chuck Cannon'; 'Ashton, Peter'
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


Don??t underestimate scatter-hoarding rodents for wingless dipterocarps. Recent studies show that they can disperse Fagaceae ?C including Chuck??s stone oaks - tens of metres by caching and re-caching, and big rats like Leopoldamys move them a long way in one go. Scatter-hoarding would select strongly against wings, since they would get caught on obstacles when being dragged sideways.



Richard



From: mastwatch- [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Ghazoul Jaboury
Sent: Friday, March 29, 2019 12:04 AM
To: Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast



I have been following this thread with interest. I agree that rare windy events have a substantial impact on dispersal. I have seen very large numbers of dipterocarp fruit dispersed great distances (100s of metres) during strong winds, albeit in rather open dry deciduous dipterocarp forests in Thailand. I have also seen large quantities of fruit being dispersed several tens of metres (at least) from dipterocarps in Sepilok, although this was in forest edge conditions.



Genetic studies suggest that dipterocarp seed dispersal can be quite substantial, and while no doubt the large majority of fruit are dropped close to the mother tree (see Smith et al. 2018 for a multispecies comparative assessment of this) what really matters are those seeds that survive, establish, and grow.



I have always been curious about why some dipterocarp species lost their wings. If substantial numbers of fruit do get caught in canopies and fail to establish, then there should be strong selection pressure against wings. I would expect strongly shade tolerant species to be more likely to have non-winged fruit. Wings are also likely to be of little value for subcanopy species, or those in dense forests, both in terms of dispersal function and shade tolerance traits (e.g., large fruit sizes). Localities that experience little wind such as, perhaps, sheltered riparian species, might be less likely to have wings than ridgetop species.



Jaboury





From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> On Behalf Of Chuck Cannon
Sent: 28 March 2019 15:44
To: Ashton, Peter 
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast



Great discussion, everyone.



I agree with Tim Laman's remark about how these forests are largely shaped by rare events (that are statistically almost impossible to analyze) and trees do an enormous amount of bet hedging and experimentation in an attempt to win one of those lotteries.  A single tree probably does not pursue a single strategy for getting its seeds into an advantageous position but is simultaneously making numerous wagers.



In line with Peter's observation about the ones on more specialized and localized habitats having poorer dispersal abilities, you see the same thing in Lithocarpus.  The stone oaks are another group with rather mysterious dispersal.



Chuck



On Thu, Mar 28, :18 AM Ashton, Peter <<> wrote:

One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.



Peter

________________________________

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Mark Leighton <<>
Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
To: Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast



correct, Tim



On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman <<> wrote:





Greetings all,



To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won??t keep moving sideways.  I don??t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don??t get far.



For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ??clean release?? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?



Best,

Tim

[cid:]



On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook <<> wrote:



THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.

Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?

ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers



From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson; <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast



Hi Friends,



Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.



Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?



Thanks for sharing.



Mike



Dato?? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE

Mobile:  +6012 267 5775

Office:   +603 6203 3138

Email: <

Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh

Office:  Suite A-06-06

  Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara

  50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia







On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter <<> wrote:



Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,



There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.



Peter

________________________________

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Andreas Carlson <<>
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
To: Siew Teu Wong
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast



Dear all,



This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=>).

Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight!



Thanks for sharing.



Best,

Andreas.

??????????????????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor
Department of Mathematics
University of Oslo

E-mail: <
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__folk.uio.no_acarlson&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=Fi5GKWYaWjhKmQFBZcQoNuz7Ibt2pwm61XO1yyIXx7o&s=wMR8kCYtS5AIksjGngDctbtM6yQzrn_ltGsDX-JS9WE&e=>
Skype: carlsona



On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong <<> wrote:



Hi all,

This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.

https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=>



Thank you.



Kindest regards,

Wong



Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.

???????S????????????

C.E.O. and Founder,

Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email: <

skype: wongsiew

Cell: 016-555 1256



http://www.bsbcc.org.my/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=>
https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=>

http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=>

http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=>

"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"



________________________________

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-<mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David <<>
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast



Hi Cam and all,



I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!



Cheers

Chris



Dr. Christopher Philipson

<



http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=>



http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=>





On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb <<> wrote:



Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I??ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
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From: ()
Date: Fri, 29 Mar 2019 18:57:27 +0800
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
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 <499669348.11832221.1553780710208@mail.yahoo.com>
 <MWHPR07MB3087BCFDD6D480E3CEF6FAD2E3590@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <MWHPR07MB3087C6092D717C52F4D6A62BE3590@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>

Status: O




'As all the wingless fruits fell below their mothers, winged members ventured into the sea....'
Insular heartache of all mothers.
Sent from my iPhone

> On 29 Mar 2019, at 12:49 am, Ashton, Peter  wrote:
> 
> And for you generalists: These wingless insular dipterocarps might best be considered vegetable kiwis??
> 
> Peter
> 
> 
> From: Ashton, Peter
> Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 2:18 PM
> To: Mark Leighton; Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.
> 
> Peter 
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Mark Leighton 
> Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
> To: Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> correct, Tim
> 
> On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman  wrote:
> 
> 
> Greetings all,
> 
> To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways.  I don?t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don?t get far.  
> 
> For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?
> 
> Best,
> Tim
> 
> 
>> On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook  wrote:
>> 
>> THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.
>> Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?
>> ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers
>>  
>> From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
>> Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
>> To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson; 
>> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>>  
>> Hi Friends, 
>>  
>> Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.
>>  
>> Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?
>>  
>> Thanks for sharing.
>>  
>> Mike
>>  
>> Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE
>> Mobile:  +6012 267 5775
>> Office:   +603 6203 3138 
>> Email: 
>> Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh
>> Office:  Suite A-06-06  
>>   Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara 
>>   50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia                  
>>  
>>  
>> 
>> 
>> On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter  wrote:
>>  
>> Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,
>>  
>> There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.
>>  
>> Peter
>> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Andreas Carlson 
>> Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
>> To: Siew Teu Wong
>> Cc: 
>> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>>  
>> Dear all, 
>>  
>> This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501).
>> Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight! 
>>  
>> Thanks for sharing. 
>>  
>> Best,
>> Andreas.
>> ?????????????
>> Andreas Carlson
>> Associate Professor 
>> Department of Mathematics 
>> University of Oslo
>> 
>> E-mail: 
>> Phone: (+47) 228-57223
>> Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson
>> Skype: carlsona
>> 
>> 
>> On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong  wrote:
>>  
>> Hi all,
>> This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.
>> https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/
>>  
>> Thank you.
>>  
>> Kindest regards,
>> Wong
>>  
>> Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.  
>> ??????????
>> C.E.O. and Founder, 
>> Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
>> email: 
>> skype: wongsiew
>> Cell: 016-555 1256
>>  
>> http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
>> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc
>> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC
>> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear
>> 
>> "May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"
>>  
>> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David 
>> Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
>> To: Cam Webb
>> Cc: 
>> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>>  
>> Hi Cam and all, 
>>  
>> I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!
>>  
>> Cheers
>> Chris
>>  
>> Dr. Christopher Philipson
>> 
>>  
>> http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html
>>  
>> http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao
>>  
>> 
>> 
>> On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb  wrote:
>>  
>> Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).
>> 
>> It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
>> 2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
>> ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
>> details when I know them.
>> 
>> Best,
>> 
>> Cam
>> _______________________________________________
>> Mastwatch mailing list
>> 
>> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
>>  
>>  
>> _______________________________________________
>> Mastwatch mailing list
>> 
>> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
> 
> _______________________________________________
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> 
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From: (Mikaail Kavanagh)
Date: Sat, 30 Mar 2019 15:52:50 +0800
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast: re possible research projects


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
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Status: O




Certainly should be.  I wonder if the wings on the fruits of neram (D. oblongifolius) act as oars or sails as the fruit float down river before a lucky few get stuck on suitable river banks - perhaps with the aid of their wings - where there are vacant patches of sunlight to facilitate growth. Good luck with the statistical analysis.

Seriously, neram - as far as I know - has typical winged fruit which raises a question on why smaller wings have not apparently been selected for, in spite of the fact that almost all nerams grow out over water. This changes the ball game re the value of wings on fruit, in comparison with typical land-based dipterocarps.

Mike Kavanagh

> On 29 Mar 2019, at 9:48 AM, Ferry Slik  wrote:
> 
> Should be possible to set up some projects to  some of these hypotheses.....
> 
> Ferry Slik
> Associate Professor & Curator of the UBD Herbarium
> Faculty of Science
> Universiti Brunei Darussalam,
> Jln Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
> 
> Website
> http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/ <http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/>
> http://expert.ubd.edu.bn/profiles/johan.slik.php <http://expert.ubd.edu.bn/profiles/johan.slik.php>
>  <http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/>
> Plants of Southeast Asia
> http://www.asianplant.net <http://www.asianplant.net/>
> 
> Asian plant species synonym website
> http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/synonym_lookup.htm <http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/synonym_lookup.htm>
> 
> Faculty of Science
> http://fos.ubd.edu.bn/index.html <http://fos.ubd.edu.bn/index.html>
> 
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Corlett_XTBG 
> Sent: 29 March 2019 9:19 AM
> To: 'Ghazoul Jaboury'; 'Chuck Cannon'; 'Ashton, Peter'
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Don?t underestimate scatter-hoarding rodents for wingless dipterocarps. Recent studies show that they can disperse Fagaceae ? including Chuck?s stone oaks - tens of metres by caching and re-caching, and big rats like Leopoldamys move them a long way in one go. Scatter-hoarding would select strongly against wings, since they would get caught on obstacles when being dragged sideways.
>  
> Richard
>  
> From: mastwatch- [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Ghazoul Jaboury
> Sent: Friday, March 29, 2019 12:04 AM
> To: Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> I have been following this thread with interest. I agree that rare windy events have a substantial impact on dispersal. I have seen very large numbers of dipterocarp fruit dispersed great distances (100s of metres) during strong winds, albeit in rather open dry deciduous dipterocarp forests in Thailand. I have also seen large quantities of fruit being dispersed several tens of metres (at least) from dipterocarps in Sepilok, although this was in forest edge conditions.
>  
> Genetic studies suggest that dipterocarp seed dispersal can be quite substantial, and while no doubt the large majority of fruit are dropped close to the mother tree (see Smith et al. 2018 for a multispecies comparative assessment of this) what really matters are those seeds that survive, establish, and grow.
>  
> I have always been curious about why some dipterocarp species lost their wings. If substantial numbers of fruit do get caught in canopies and fail to establish, then there should be strong selection pressure against wings. I would expect strongly shade tolerant species to be more likely to have non-winged fruit. Wings are also likely to be of little value for subcanopy species, or those in dense forests, both in terms of dispersal function and shade tolerance traits (e.g., large fruit sizes). Localities that experience little wind such as, perhaps, sheltered riparian species, might be less likely to have wings than ridgetop species.
>  
> Jaboury
>  
>  
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> On Behalf Of Chuck Cannon
> Sent: 28 March 2019 15:44
> To: Ashton, Peter 
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Great discussion, everyone.  
>  
> I agree with Tim Laman's remark about how these forests are largely shaped by rare events (that are statistically almost impossible to analyze) and trees do an enormous amount of bet hedging and experimentation in an attempt to win one of those lotteries.  A single tree probably does not pursue a single strategy for getting its seeds into an advantageous position but is simultaneously making numerous wagers.  
>  
> In line with Peter's observation about the ones on more specialized and localized habitats having poorer dispersal abilities, you see the same thing in Lithocarpus.  The stone oaks are another group with rather mysterious dispersal.
>  
> Chuck
>  
> On Thu, Mar 28, :18 AM Ashton, Peter < <> wrote:
> One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.
>  
> Peter 
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch- <mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Mark Leighton < <>
> Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
> To: Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
> Cc:  <
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> correct, Tim
>  
> On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman < <> wrote:
>  
>  
> Greetings all,
>  
> To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways.  I don?t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don?t get far.  
>  
> For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?
>  
> Best,
> Tim
> <image001.jpg>
>  
> On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook < <> wrote:
>  
> THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.
> Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?
> ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers
> ? <>
> From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch- <mailto:mastwatch->] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
> Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
> To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson;  <
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Hi Friends, 
>  
> Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.
>  
> Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?
>  
> Thanks for sharing.
>  
> Mike
>  
> Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE
> Mobile:  +6012 267 5775
> Office:   +603 6203 3138 
> Email:  <
> Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh
> Office:  Suite A-06-06  
>   Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara 
>   50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia                  
>  
>  
>  
> On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter < <> wrote:
>  
> Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,
>  
> There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.
>  
> Peter
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch- <mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Andreas Carlson < <>
> Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
> To: Siew Teu Wong
> Cc:  <
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Dear all, 
>  
> This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=>).
> Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight! 
>  
> Thanks for sharing. 
>  
> Best,
> Andreas.
> ?????????????
> Andreas Carlson
> Associate Professor 
> Department of Mathematics 
> University of Oslo
> 
> E-mail:  <
> Phone: (+47) 228-57223
> Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__folk.uio.no_acarlson&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=Fi5GKWYaWjhKmQFBZcQoNuz7Ibt2pwm61XO1yyIXx7o&s=wMR8kCYtS5AIksjGngDctbtM6yQzrn_ltGsDX-JS9WE&e=>
> Skype: carlsona
>  
> On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong < <> wrote:
>  
> Hi all,
> This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.
> https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/ <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=>
>  
> Thank you.
>  
> Kindest regards,
> Wong
>  
> Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.  
> ??????????
> C.E.O. and Founder, 
> Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
> email:  <
> skype: wongsiew
> Cell: 016-555 1256
>  
> http://www.bsbcc.org.my/ <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=>
> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=>
> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=>
> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=>
> 
> "May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"
>  
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch- <mailto:mastwatch->> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David < <>
> Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
> To: Cam Webb
> Cc:  <
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Hi Cam and all, 
>  
> I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!
>  
> Cheers
> Chris
>  
> Dr. Christopher Philipson
>  <
>  
> http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=>
>  
> http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=>
>  
>  
> On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb < <> wrote:
>  
> Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).
> 
> It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
> 2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
> ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
> details when I know them.
> 
> Best,
> 
> Cam
> _______________________________________________
> Mastwatch mailing list
>  <
> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__lists.phylodiversity.net_listinfo.cgi_mastwatch-2Dphylodiversity.net&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PVUjFNrOUaFF-hmCJesUN3R8_QIRKvzSHg3_rSMaJBw&e=>
>  
>  
> _______________________________________________
> Mastwatch mailing list
>  <
> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__lists.phylodiversity.net_listinfo.cgi_mastwatch-2Dphylodiversity.net&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=Fi5GKWYaWjhKmQFBZcQoNuz7Ibt2pwm61XO1yyIXx7o&s=C4zofhBlSujcHKPcKxA7Cv-MuPpm3YXGaVNt6yZoSvA&e=>
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From: (Richard)
Date: Sat, 30 Mar 2019 16:06:29 +0800
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast: re possible research projects


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Status: O




Neram also has to disperse upstream, or the whole population would gradually drift down to the sea. Presumably rare but essential wind-dispersal events do this. Richard

 

From: Mikaail Kavanagh [] 
Sent: Saturday, March 30, 2019 3:53 PM
To: Ferry Slik
Cc: Corlett_XTBG; Ghazoul Jaboury; Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter; 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast: re possible research projects

 

Certainly should be.  I wonder if the wings on the fruits of neram (D. oblongifolius) act as oars or sails as the fruit float down river before a lucky few get stuck on suitable river banks - perhaps with the aid of their wings - where there are vacant patches of sunlight to facilitate growth. Good luck with the statistical analysis.

 

Seriously, neram - as far as I know - has typical winged fruit which raises a question on why smaller wings have not apparently been selected for, in spite of the fact that almost all nerams grow out over water. This changes the ball game re the value of wings on fruit, in comparison with typical land-based dipterocarps.

 

Mike Kavanagh





On 29 Mar 2019, at 9:48 AM, Ferry Slik  wrote:

 

Should be possible to set up some projects to  some of these hypotheses.....

 

Ferry Slik
Associate Professor & Curator of the UBD Herbarium
Faculty of Science
Universiti Brunei Darussalam,
Jln Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.

Website
http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/
http://expert.ubd.edu.bn/profiles/johan.slik.php

Plants of Southeast Asia
http://www.asianplant.net <http://www.asianplant.net/> 

Asian plant species synonym website
http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/synonym_lookup.htm

Faculty of Science

http://fos.ubd.edu.bn/index.html

 

  _____  

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Corlett_XTBG 
Sent: 29 March 2019 9:19 AM
To: 'Ghazoul Jaboury'; 'Chuck Cannon'; 'Ashton, Peter'
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Don?t underestimate scatter-hoarding rodents for wingless dipterocarps. Recent studies show that they can disperse Fagaceae ? including Chuck?s stone oaks - tens of metres by caching and re-caching, and big rats like Leopoldamys move them a long way in one go. Scatter-hoarding would select strongly against wings, since they would get caught on obstacles when being dragged sideways.

 

Richard

 

From: mastwatch- [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Ghazoul Jaboury
Sent: Friday, March 29, 2019 12:04 AM
To: Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

I have been following this thread with interest. I agree that rare windy events have a substantial impact on dispersal. I have seen very large numbers of dipterocarp fruit dispersed great distances (100s of metres) during strong winds, albeit in rather open dry deciduous dipterocarp forests in Thailand. I have also seen large quantities of fruit being dispersed several tens of metres (at least) from dipterocarps in Sepilok, although this was in forest edge conditions.

 

Genetic studies suggest that dipterocarp seed dispersal can be quite substantial, and while no doubt the large majority of fruit are dropped close to the mother tree (see Smith et al. 2018 for a multispecies comparative assessment of this) what really matters are those seeds that survive, establish, and grow.

 

I have always been curious about why some dipterocarp species lost their wings. If substantial numbers of fruit do get caught in canopies and fail to establish, then there should be strong selection pressure against wings. I would expect strongly shade tolerant species to be more likely to have non-winged fruit. Wings are also likely to be of little value for subcanopy species, or those in dense forests, both in terms of dispersal function and shade tolerance traits (e.g., large fruit sizes). Localities that experience little wind such as, perhaps, sheltered riparian species, might be less likely to have wings than ridgetop species.

 

Jaboury

 

 

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> On Behalf Of Chuck Cannon
Sent: 28 March 2019 15:44
To: Ashton, Peter 
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Great discussion, everyone.  

 

I agree with Tim Laman's remark about how these forests are largely shaped by rare events (that are statistically almost impossible to analyze) and trees do an enormous amount of bet hedging and experimentation in an attempt to win one of those lotteries.  A single tree probably does not pursue a single strategy for getting its seeds into an advantageous position but is simultaneously making numerous wagers.  

 

In line with Peter's observation about the ones on more specialized and localized habitats having poorer dispersal abilities, you see the same thing in Lithocarpus.  The stone oaks are another group with rather mysterious dispersal.

 

Chuck

 

On Thu, Mar 28, :18 AM Ashton, Peter  wrote:

One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.

 

Peter 

  _____  

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Mark Leighton 
Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
To: Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

correct, Tim

 

On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman  wrote:

 

 

Greetings all,

 

To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways.  I don?t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don?t get far.  

 

For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?

 

Best,

Tim

<image001.jpg>

 

On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook  wrote:

 

THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.

Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?

ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers

 

From: Mastwatch [ <mailto:mastwatch-> mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson;  < 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Hi Friends, 

 

Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.

 

Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?

 

Thanks for sharing.

 

Mike

 

Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE

Mobile:  +6012 267 5775

Office:   +603 6203 3138 

Email:  < 

Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh

Office:  Suite A-06-06  

  Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara 

  50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia                  

 

 

 

On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter < < > wrote:

 

Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,

 

There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.

 

Peter


  _____  


From: Mastwatch < <mailto:mastwatch-> mastwatch-> on behalf of Andreas Carlson < < >
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
To: Siew Teu Wong
Cc:  < 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Dear all, 

 

This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight ( <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=> https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501).

Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight! 

 

Thanks for sharing. 

 

Best,

Andreas.

?????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor 
Department of Mathematics 
University of Oslo

 < E-mail: 
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web:  <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__folk.uio.no_acarlson&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=Fi5GKWYaWjhKmQFBZcQoNuz7Ibt2pwm61XO1yyIXx7o&s=wMR8kCYtS5AIksjGngDctbtM6yQzrn_ltGsDX-JS9WE&e=> folk.uio.no/acarlson
Skype: carlsona

 

On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong < < > wrote:

 

Hi all,

This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=> https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/

 

Thank you.

 

Kindest regards,

Wong

 

Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.  

??????????

C.E.O. and Founder, 

Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email:  < 

skype: wongsiew

Cell: 016-555 1256

 

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=> http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear


"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"

 


  _____  


From: Mastwatch < <mailto:mastwatch-> mastwatch-> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David < < >
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc:  < 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Hi Cam and all, 

 

I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!

 

Cheers

Chris

 

Dr. Christopher Philipson

 < 

 

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=> http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html

 

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=> http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao

 

 

On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb < < > wrote:

 

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
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From: (Mikaail Kavanagh)
Date: Sat, 30 Mar 2019 21:15:12 +0800
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast: re possible research projects


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
 <MEXPR01MB11733DB39FEAE7119F22FE95D6740@MEXPR01MB1173.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com> <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
 <MEAPR01MB36864545D8C4EDDC9C3C1221D6730@MEAPR01MB3686.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com>
 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
 <MWHPR07MB308790ECA754DA8EE8CAFE9FE3580@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <6E40ED10-E819-40AF-B7CF-882DD7F7C0F1@gmail.com>
 <007101d4e55b$6cef3e30$46cdba90$@co.uk>
 <EF83C5AC-D313-4B13-8989-3B8D8481DF84@timlaman.com>
 <499669348.11832221.1553780710208@mail.yahoo.com>
 <MWHPR07MB3087BCFDD6D480E3CEF6FAD2E3590@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <CAJNaLuCk-mPPLt7_gx+9K5s01AZu1X3XwrG5smSLCmxmTTqVsQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <0FA10C3A5665164FA63A039D958BA1D961C7C7BF@MBX211.d.ethz.ch>
 <005c01d4e5cd$829ef960$87dcec20$@xtbg.org.cn>
 <AM5P194MB0051781B4CF59C4A01C480B1A85A0@
 AM5P194MB0051.EURP194.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM>
 <52C0D987-7D68-4F56-8EAE-6B29F2CA6CB8@gmail.com>
 <001201d4e6cf$7d1872c0$77495840$@xtbg.org.cn>

Status: O




Good point.  I should have thought of that.  My first additional thought  is that it gives neram quite a challenge as it not only has to reproduce  successfully upstream in the sense of the general direction, it?s fruits have to end up  - at least for the most part - on riverbanks which in most places occupy only a small minority of the landscape. Mike 

Sent from my iPhone

> On 30 Mar 2019, at 4:06 PM, Richard  wrote:
> 
> Neram also has to disperse upstream, or the whole population would gradually drift down to the sea. Presumably rare but essential wind-dispersal events do this. Richard
>  
> From: Mikaail Kavanagh [] 
> Sent: Saturday, March 30, 2019 3:53 PM
> To: Ferry Slik
> Cc: Corlett_XTBG; Ghazoul Jaboury; Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter; 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast: re possible research projects
>  
> Certainly should be.  I wonder if the wings on the fruits of neram (D. oblongifolius) act as oars or sails as the fruit float down river before a lucky few get stuck on suitable river banks - perhaps with the aid of their wings - where there are vacant patches of sunlight to facilitate growth. Good luck with the statistical analysis.
>  
> Seriously, neram - as far as I know - has typical winged fruit which raises a question on why smaller wings have not apparently been selected for, in spite of the fact that almost all nerams grow out over water. This changes the ball game re the value of wings on fruit, in comparison with typical land-based dipterocarps.
>  
> Mike Kavanagh
> 
> 
> On 29 Mar 2019, at 9:48 AM, Ferry Slik  wrote:
>  
> Should be possible to set up some projects to  some of these hypotheses.....
>  
> Ferry Slik
> Associate Professor & Curator of the UBD Herbarium
> Faculty of Science
> Universiti Brunei Darussalam,
> Jln Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
> 
> Website
> http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/
> http://expert.ubd.edu.bn/profiles/johan.slik.php
> 
> Plants of Southeast Asia
> http://www.asianplant.net
> 
> Asian plant species synonym website
> http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/synonym_lookup.htm
> 
> Faculty of Science
> http://fos.ubd.edu.bn/index.html
>  
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Corlett_XTBG 
> Sent: 29 March 2019 9:19 AM
> To: 'Ghazoul Jaboury'; 'Chuck Cannon'; 'Ashton, Peter'
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Don?t underestimate scatter-hoarding rodents for wingless dipterocarps. Recent studies show that they can disperse Fagaceae ? including Chuck?s stone oaks - tens of metres by caching and re-caching, and big rats like Leopoldamys move them a long way in one go. Scatter-hoarding would select strongly against wings, since they would get caught on obstacles when being dragged sideways.
>  
> Richard
>  
> From: mastwatch- [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Ghazoul Jaboury
> Sent: Friday, March 29, 2019 12:04 AM
> To: Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> I have been following this thread with interest. I agree that rare windy events have a substantial impact on dispersal. I have seen very large numbers of dipterocarp fruit dispersed great distances (100s of metres) during strong winds, albeit in rather open dry deciduous dipterocarp forests in Thailand. I have also seen large quantities of fruit being dispersed several tens of metres (at least) from dipterocarps in Sepilok, although this was in forest edge conditions.
>  
> Genetic studies suggest that dipterocarp seed dispersal can be quite substantial, and while no doubt the large majority of fruit are dropped close to the mother tree (see Smith et al. 2018 for a multispecies comparative assessment of this) what really matters are those seeds that survive, establish, and grow.
>  
> I have always been curious about why some dipterocarp species lost their wings. If substantial numbers of fruit do get caught in canopies and fail to establish, then there should be strong selection pressure against wings. I would expect strongly shade tolerant species to be more likely to have non-winged fruit. Wings are also likely to be of little value for subcanopy species, or those in dense forests, both in terms of dispersal function and shade tolerance traits (e.g., large fruit sizes). Localities that experience little wind such as, perhaps, sheltered riparian species, might be less likely to have wings than ridgetop species.
>  
> Jaboury
>  
>  
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> On Behalf Of Chuck Cannon
> Sent: 28 March 2019 15:44
> To: Ashton, Peter 
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Great discussion, everyone.  
>  
> I agree with Tim Laman's remark about how these forests are largely shaped by rare events (that are statistically almost impossible to analyze) and trees do an enormous amount of bet hedging and experimentation in an attempt to win one of those lotteries.  A single tree probably does not pursue a single strategy for getting its seeds into an advantageous position but is simultaneously making numerous wagers.  
>  
> In line with Peter's observation about the ones on more specialized and localized habitats having poorer dispersal abilities, you see the same thing in Lithocarpus.  The stone oaks are another group with rather mysterious dispersal.
>  
> Chuck
>  
> On Thu, Mar 28, :18 AM Ashton, Peter  wrote:
> One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.
>  
> Peter 
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Mark Leighton 
> Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
> To: Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> correct, Tim
>  
> On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman  wrote:
>  
>  
> Greetings all,
>  
> To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways.  I don?t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don?t get far.  
>  
> For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?
>  
> Best,
> Tim
> <image001.jpg>
>  
> On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook  wrote:
>  
> THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.
> Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?
> ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers
>  
> From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
> Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
> To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson; 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Hi Friends, 
>  
> Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.
>  
> Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?
>  
> Thanks for sharing.
>  
> Mike
>  
> Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE
> Mobile:  +6012 267 5775
> Office:   +603 6203 3138 
> Email: 
> Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh
> Office:  Suite A-06-06  
>   Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara 
>   50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia                  
>  
>  
>  
> On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter  wrote:
>  
> Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,
>  
> There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.
>  
> Peter
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Andreas Carlson 
> Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
> To: Siew Teu Wong
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Dear all, 
>  
> This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501).
> Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight! 
>  
> Thanks for sharing. 
>  
> Best,
> Andreas.
> ?????????????
> Andreas Carlson
> Associate Professor 
> Department of Mathematics 
> University of Oslo
> 
> E-mail: 
> Phone: (+47) 228-57223
> Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson
> Skype: carlsona
>  
> On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong  wrote:
>  
> Hi all,
> This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.
> https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/
>  
> Thank you.
>  
> Kindest regards,
> Wong
>  
> Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.  
> ??????????
> C.E.O. and Founder, 
> Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
> email: 
> skype: wongsiew
> Cell: 016-555 1256
>  
> http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc
> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC
> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear
> 
> "May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"
>  
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David 
> Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
> To: Cam Webb
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Hi Cam and all, 
>  
> I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!
>  
> Cheers
> Chris
>  
> Dr. Christopher Philipson
> 
>  
> http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html
>  
> http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao
>  
>  
> On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb  wrote:
>  
> Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).
> 
> It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
> 2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
> ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
> details when I know them.
> 
> Best,
> 
> Cam
> _______________________________________________
> Mastwatch mailing list
> 
> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
>  
>  
> _______________________________________________
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> 
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>  
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From: (Chuck Cannon)
Date: Sat, 30 Mar 2019 12:16:24 -0500
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast: re possible research projects


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
 <0CC09DF1E7189A41AB9789449512FBC25DA5809F@MBX116.d.ethz.ch>
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 <87tvgnztn6.fsf@yahoo.com> <C8FA3ED8-75CF-438E-9140-75020BE8410F@usys.ethz.ch>
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 <186B539F-D588-4D3B-883A-EAD8660A3BDA@math.uio.no>
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 <6E40ED10-E819-40AF-B7CF-882DD7F7C0F1@gmail.com>
 <007101d4e55b$6cef3e30$46cdba90$@co.uk>
 <EF83C5AC-D313-4B13-8989-3B8D8481DF84@timlaman.com>
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 <MWHPR07MB3087BCFDD6D480E3CEF6FAD2E3590@MWHPR07MB3087.namprd07.prod.outlook.com>
 <CAJNaLuCk-mPPLt7_gx+9K5s01AZu1X3XwrG5smSLCmxmTTqVsQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <0FA10C3A5665164FA63A039D958BA1D961C7C7BF@MBX211.d.ethz.ch>
 <005c01d4e5cd$829ef960$87dcec20$@xtbg.org.cn>
 <52C0D987-7D68-4F56-8EAE-6B29F2CA6CB8@gmail.com>
 <001201d4e6cf$7d1872c0$77495840$@xtbg.org.cn>
 <CC5AC2CF-7423-4814-9052-C510650B6119@gmail.com>

Status: O




Nigel Pitman and I have had similar discussions about montane trees and
some of the biggest woodiest fruit of Lithocarpus are in the mountains,
even a few largely isolated to ridge tops.  They should naturally end up at
the bottom of the slopes so there must be a pretty strong selective force
keeping them in place and dispersal upslope seems much more difficult in
those environments but vital to their survival.

On Sat, Mar 30, :15 AM Mikaail Kavanagh  wrote:

> Good point.  I should have thought of that.  My first additional thought
>  is that it gives neram quite a challenge as it not only has to reproduce
>  successfully upstream in the sense of the general direction, it?s fruits
> have to end up  - at least for the most part - on riverbanks which in most
> places occupy only a small minority of the landscape. Mike
>
> Sent from my iPhone
>
> On 30 Mar 2019, at 4:06 PM, Richard  wrote:
>
> Neram also has to disperse upstream, or the whole population would
> gradually drift down to the sea. Presumably rare but essential
> wind-dispersal events do this. Richard
>
>
>
> *From:* Mikaail Kavanagh [ ]
> *Sent:* Saturday, March 30, 2019 3:53 PM
> *To:* Ferry Slik
> *Cc:* Corlett_XTBG; Ghazoul Jaboury; Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter;
> 
> *Subject:* Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast: re possible research projects
>
>
>
> Certainly should be.  I wonder if the wings on the fruits of neram (*D.
> oblongifolius*) act as oars or sails as the fruit float down river before
> a lucky few get stuck on suitable river banks - perhaps with the aid of
> their wings - where there are vacant patches of sunlight to facilitate
> growth. Good luck with the statistical analysis.
>
>
>
> Seriously, neram - as far as I know - has typical winged fruit which
> raises a question on why smaller wings have not apparently been selected
> for, in spite of the fact that almost all nerams grow out over water. This
> changes the ball game re the value of wings on fruit, in comparison with
> typical land-based dipterocarps.
>
>
>
> Mike Kavanagh
>
>
>
> On 29 Mar 2019, at 9:48 AM, Ferry Slik  wrote:
>
>
>
> Should be possible to set up some projects to  some of these
> hypotheses.....
>
>
>
> Ferry Slik
> Associate Professor & Curator of the UBD Herbarium
> Faculty of Science
> Universiti Brunei Darussalam,
> Jln Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
>
> Website
> http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/
> http://expert.ubd.edu.bn/profiles/johan.slik.php
>
> Plants of Southeast Asia
> http://www.asianplant.net
>
> Asian plant species synonym website
> http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/synonym_lookup.htm
>
> Faculty of Science
>
> http://fos.ubd.edu.bn/index.html
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> *From:* Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf
> of Corlett_XTBG 
> *Sent:* 29 March 2019 9:19 AM
> *To:* 'Ghazoul Jaboury'; 'Chuck Cannon'; 'Ashton, Peter'
> *Cc:* 
> *Subject:* Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>
>
>
> Don?t underestimate scatter-hoarding rodents for wingless dipterocarps.
> Recent studies show that they can disperse Fagaceae ? including Chuck?s
> stone oaks - tens of metres by caching and re-caching, and big rats like
> *Leopoldamys* move them a long way in one go. Scatter-hoarding would
> select strongly against wings, since they would get caught on obstacles
> when being dragged sideways.
>
>
>
> Richard
>
>
>
> *From:* mastwatch- [
> mailto:mastwatch-
> <mastwatch->] *On Behalf Of *Ghazoul
> Jaboury
> *Sent:* Friday, March 29, 2019 12:04 AM
> *To:* Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter
> *Cc:* 
> *Subject:* Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>
>
>
> I have been following this thread with interest. I agree that rare windy
> events have a substantial impact on dispersal. I have seen very large
> numbers of dipterocarp fruit dispersed great distances (100s of metres)
> during strong winds, albeit in rather open dry deciduous dipterocarp
> forests in Thailand. I have also seen large quantities of fruit being
> dispersed several tens of metres (at least) from dipterocarps in Sepilok,
> although this was in forest edge conditions.
>
>
>
> Genetic studies suggest that dipterocarp seed dispersal can be quite
> substantial, and while no doubt the large majority of fruit are dropped
> close to the mother tree (see Smith et al. 2018 for a multispecies
> comparative assessment of this) what really matters are those seeds that
> survive, establish, and grow.
>
>
>
> I have always been curious about why some dipterocarp species lost their
> wings. If substantial numbers of fruit do get caught in canopies and fail
> to establish, then there should be strong selection pressure against wings.
> I would expect strongly shade tolerant species to be more likely to have
> non-winged fruit. Wings are also likely to be of little value for subcanopy
> species, or those in dense forests, both in terms of dispersal function and
> shade tolerance traits (e.g., large fruit sizes). Localities that
> experience little wind such as, perhaps, sheltered riparian species, might
> be less likely to have wings than ridgetop species.
>
>
>
> Jaboury
>
>
>
>
>
> *From:* Mastwatch <mastwatch-> *On Behalf
> Of *Chuck Cannon
> *Sent:* 28 March 2019 15:44
> *To:* Ashton, Peter 
> *Cc:* 
> *Subject:* Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>
>
>
> Great discussion, everyone.
>
>
>
> I agree with Tim Laman's remark about how these forests are largely shaped
> by rare events (that are statistically almost impossible to analyze) and
> trees do an enormous amount of bet hedging and experimentation in an
> attempt to win one of those lotteries.  A single tree probably does not
> pursue a single strategy for getting its seeds into an advantageous
> position but is simultaneously making numerous wagers.
>
>
>
> In line with Peter's observation about the ones on more specialized and
> localized habitats having poorer dispersal abilities, you see the same
> thing in Lithocarpus.  The stone oaks are another group with rather
> mysterious dispersal.
>
>
>
> Chuck
>
>
>
> On Thu, Mar 28, :18 AM Ashton, Peter 
> wrote:
>
> One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp
> species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult
> sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread
> Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.
>
>
>
> Peter
> ------------------------------
>
> *From:* Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf
> of Mark Leighton 
> *Sent:* Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
> *To:* Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
> *Cc:* 
> *Subject:* Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>
>
>
> correct, Tim
>
>
>
> On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman 
> wrote:
>
>
>
>
>
> Greetings all,
>
>
>
> To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited
> lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by
> the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways.  I don?t think a very
> large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the
> ground, but they certainly don?t get far.
>
>
>
> For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the
> canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy
> new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig
> tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release?
> from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath
> the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that
> big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few
> seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better
> than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?
>
>
>
> Best,
>
> Tim
>
> <image001.jpg>
>
>
>
> On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook <
> > wrote:
>
>
>
> THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees,
> after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.
>
> Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?
>
> ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers
>
>
>
> *From:* Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-
> <mastwatch->] *On Behalf Of* Mikaail
> Kavanagh
> *Sent:* 28 March 2019 04:15
> *To:* Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson;
> 
> *Subject:* Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>
>
>
> Hi Friends,
>
>
>
> Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of
> the winged fruit never make it to ground level.
>
>
>
> Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the
> relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for
> different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different
> selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has
> anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long
> distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (*Dipterocarpus
> oblongifolius*)?
>
>
>
> Thanks for sharing.
>
>
>
> *Mike*
>
>
>
> Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, *MBE*
>
> Mobile:  +6012 267 5775
>
> Office:   +603 6203 3138
>
> Email: 
>
> Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh
>
> Office:  Suite A-06-06
>
>   Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara
>
>   50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter  wrote:
>
>
>
> Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,
>
>
>
> There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged
> fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast
> majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few
> metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus
> winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus
> dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study
> as well.
>
>
>
> Peter
> ------------------------------
>
> *From:* Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf
> of Andreas Carlson 
> *Sent:* Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
> *To:* Siew Teu Wong
> *Cc:* 
> *Subject:* Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>
>
>
> Dear all,
>
>
>
> This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding
> how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (
> https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=>
> ).
>
> Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight!
>
>
>
> Thanks for sharing.
>
>
>
> Best,
>
> Andreas.
>
> ?????????????
> Andreas Carlson
> Associate Professor
> Department of Mathematics
> University of Oslo
>
> E-mail:  
> Phone: (+47) 228-57223
> Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__folk.uio.no_acarlson&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=Fi5GKWYaWjhKmQFBZcQoNuz7Ibt2pwm61XO1yyIXx7o&s=wMR8kCYtS5AIksjGngDctbtM6yQzrn_ltGsDX-JS9WE&e=>
> Skype: carlsona
>
>
>
> On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong  wrote:
>
>
>
> Hi all,
>
> This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.
>
> https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=>
>
>
>
> Thank you.
>
>
>
> Kindest regards,
>
> Wong
>
>
>
> Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.
>
> ??????????
>
> C.E.O. and Founder,
>
> Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
> email: 
>
> skype: wongsiew
>
> Cell: 016-555 1256
>
>
>
> http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=>
> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=>
>
> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=>
>
> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=>
>
>
> *"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"*
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> *From:* Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf
> of Philipson Christopher David 
> *Sent:* Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
> *To:* Cam Webb
> *Cc:* 
> *Subject:* Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>
>
>
> Hi Cam and all,
>
>
>
> I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest
> reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant
> to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles
> climatically and  point!
>
>
>
> Cheers
>
> Chris
>
>
>
> Dr. Christopher Philipson
>
> 
>
>
>
> http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=>
>
>
>
> http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao
> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=>
>
>
>
>
>
> On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb  wrote:
>
>
>
> Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).
>
> It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
> 2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
> ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
> details when I know them.
>
> Best,
>
> Cam
> _______________________________________________
> Mastwatch mailing list
> 
> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
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>
>
>
>
>
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From: (Mikaail Kavanagh)
Date: Sat, 30 Mar 2019 21:15:12 +0800
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast: re possible research projects


 <5FA30931-9315-4091-82C6-560157A035F8@timlaman.com>
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Status: O




Good point.  I should have thought of that.  My first additional thought  is that it gives neram quite a challenge as it not only has to reproduce  successfully upstream in the sense of the general direction, it?s fruits have to end up  - at least for the most part - on riverbanks which in most places occupy only a small minority of the landscape. Mike 

Sent from my iPhone

> On 30 Mar 2019, at 4:06 PM, Richard  wrote:
> 
> Neram also has to disperse upstream, or the whole population would gradually drift down to the sea. Presumably rare but essential wind-dispersal events do this. Richard
>  
> From: Mikaail Kavanagh [] 
> Sent: Saturday, March 30, 2019 3:53 PM
> To: Ferry Slik
> Cc: Corlett_XTBG; Ghazoul Jaboury; Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter; 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast: re possible research projects
>  
> Certainly should be.  I wonder if the wings on the fruits of neram (D. oblongifolius) act as oars or sails as the fruit float down river before a lucky few get stuck on suitable river banks - perhaps with the aid of their wings - where there are vacant patches of sunlight to facilitate growth. Good luck with the statistical analysis.
>  
> Seriously, neram - as far as I know - has typical winged fruit which raises a question on why smaller wings have not apparently been selected for, in spite of the fact that almost all nerams grow out over water. This changes the ball game re the value of wings on fruit, in comparison with typical land-based dipterocarps.
>  
> Mike Kavanagh
> 
> 
> On 29 Mar 2019, at 9:48 AM, Ferry Slik  wrote:
>  
> Should be possible to set up some projects to  some of these hypotheses.....
>  
> Ferry Slik
> Associate Professor & Curator of the UBD Herbarium
> Faculty of Science
> Universiti Brunei Darussalam,
> Jln Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
> 
> Website
> http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/
> http://expert.ubd.edu.bn/profiles/johan.slik.php
> 
> Plants of Southeast Asia
> http://www.asianplant.net
> 
> Asian plant species synonym website
> http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/synonym_lookup.htm
> 
> Faculty of Science
> http://fos.ubd.edu.bn/index.html
>  
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Corlett_XTBG 
> Sent: 29 March 2019 9:19 AM
> To: 'Ghazoul Jaboury'; 'Chuck Cannon'; 'Ashton, Peter'
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Don?t underestimate scatter-hoarding rodents for wingless dipterocarps. Recent studies show that they can disperse Fagaceae ? including Chuck?s stone oaks - tens of metres by caching and re-caching, and big rats like Leopoldamys move them a long way in one go. Scatter-hoarding would select strongly against wings, since they would get caught on obstacles when being dragged sideways.
>  
> Richard
>  
> From: mastwatch- [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Ghazoul Jaboury
> Sent: Friday, March 29, 2019 12:04 AM
> To: Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> I have been following this thread with interest. I agree that rare windy events have a substantial impact on dispersal. I have seen very large numbers of dipterocarp fruit dispersed great distances (100s of metres) during strong winds, albeit in rather open dry deciduous dipterocarp forests in Thailand. I have also seen large quantities of fruit being dispersed several tens of metres (at least) from dipterocarps in Sepilok, although this was in forest edge conditions.
>  
> Genetic studies suggest that dipterocarp seed dispersal can be quite substantial, and while no doubt the large majority of fruit are dropped close to the mother tree (see Smith et al. 2018 for a multispecies comparative assessment of this) what really matters are those seeds that survive, establish, and grow.
>  
> I have always been curious about why some dipterocarp species lost their wings. If substantial numbers of fruit do get caught in canopies and fail to establish, then there should be strong selection pressure against wings. I would expect strongly shade tolerant species to be more likely to have non-winged fruit. Wings are also likely to be of little value for subcanopy species, or those in dense forests, both in terms of dispersal function and shade tolerance traits (e.g., large fruit sizes). Localities that experience little wind such as, perhaps, sheltered riparian species, might be less likely to have wings than ridgetop species.
>  
> Jaboury
>  
>  
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> On Behalf Of Chuck Cannon
> Sent: 28 March 2019 15:44
> To: Ashton, Peter 
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Great discussion, everyone.  
>  
> I agree with Tim Laman's remark about how these forests are largely shaped by rare events (that are statistically almost impossible to analyze) and trees do an enormous amount of bet hedging and experimentation in an attempt to win one of those lotteries.  A single tree probably does not pursue a single strategy for getting its seeds into an advantageous position but is simultaneously making numerous wagers.  
>  
> In line with Peter's observation about the ones on more specialized and localized habitats having poorer dispersal abilities, you see the same thing in Lithocarpus.  The stone oaks are another group with rather mysterious dispersal.
>  
> Chuck
>  
> On Thu, Mar 28, :18 AM Ashton, Peter  wrote:
> One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.
>  
> Peter 
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Mark Leighton 
> Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
> To: Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> correct, Tim
>  
> On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman  wrote:
>  
>  
> Greetings all,
>  
> To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways.  I don?t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don?t get far.  
>  
> For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?
>  
> Best,
> Tim
> <image001.jpg>
>  
> On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook  wrote:
>  
> THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.
> Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?
> ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers
>  
> From: Mastwatch [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
> Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
> To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson; 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Hi Friends, 
>  
> Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.
>  
> Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?
>  
> Thanks for sharing.
>  
> Mike
>  
> Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE
> Mobile:  +6012 267 5775
> Office:   +603 6203 3138 
> Email: 
> Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh
> Office:  Suite A-06-06  
>   Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara 
>   50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia                  
>  
>  
>  
> On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter  wrote:
>  
> Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,
>  
> There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.
>  
> Peter
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Andreas Carlson 
> Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
> To: Siew Teu Wong
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Dear all, 
>  
> This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight (https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501).
> Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight! 
>  
> Thanks for sharing. 
>  
> Best,
> Andreas.
> ?????????????
> Andreas Carlson
> Associate Professor 
> Department of Mathematics 
> University of Oslo
> 
> E-mail: 
> Phone: (+47) 228-57223
> Web: folk.uio.no/acarlson
> Skype: carlsona
>  
> On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong  wrote:
>  
> Hi all,
> This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.
> https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/
>  
> Thank you.
>  
> Kindest regards,
> Wong
>  
> Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.  
> ??????????
> C.E.O. and Founder, 
> Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
> email: 
> skype: wongsiew
> Cell: 016-555 1256
>  
> http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc
> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC
> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear
> 
> "May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"
>  
> From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David 
> Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
> To: Cam Webb
> Cc: 
> Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast
>  
> Hi Cam and all, 
>  
> I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!
>  
> Cheers
> Chris
>  
> Dr. Christopher Philipson
> 
>  
> http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html
>  
> http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao
>  
>  
> On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb  wrote:
>  
> Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).
> 
> It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
> 2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
> ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
> details when I know them.
> 
> Best,
> 
> Cam
> _______________________________________________
> Mastwatch mailing list
> 
> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
>  
>  
> _______________________________________________
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> 
> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
>  
> _______________________________________________
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> 
> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
> _______________________________________________
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> 
> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
> _______________________________________________
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> 
> http://lists.phylodiversity.net/listinfo.cgi/mastwatch-phylodiversity.net
>  
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From: (Corlett_XTBG)
Date: Sun, 31 Mar 2019 10:47:08 +0800
Subject: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast: re possible research projects


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 <CAJNaLuBhznMtibpx61_y86HubdChcj27o6YNmkBpLCdvHCcFng@mail.gmail.com>

Status: O




There are some pretty big rodents in montane forests in SE Asia (Leopoldamys ciliatus, c. 400 gm). Could they move them? 

 

From: Chuck Cannon [] 
Sent: Sunday, March 31, 2019 1:16 AM
To: Mikaail Kavanagh
Cc: Richard; Ferry Slik; Ghazoul Jaboury; Ashton, Peter; 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast: re possible research projects

 

Nigel Pitman and I have had similar discussions about montane trees and some of the biggest woodiest fruit of Lithocarpus are in the mountains, even a few largely isolated to ridge tops.  They should naturally end  bottom of the slopes so there must be a pretty strong selective force keeping them in place and dispersal upslope seems much more difficult in those environments but vital to their survival.

 

On Sat, Mar 30, :15 AM Mikaail Kavanagh  wrote:

Good point.  I should have thought of that.  My first additional thought  is that it gives neram quite a challenge as it not only has to reproduce  successfully upstream in the sense of the general direction, it?s fruits have to end up  - at least for the most part - on riverbanks which in most places occupy only a small minority of the landscape. Mike 

Sent from my iPhone


On 30 Mar 2019, at 4:06 PM, Richard  wrote:

Neram also has to disperse upstream, or the whole population would gradually drift down to the sea. Presumably rare but essential wind-dispersal events do this. Richard

 

From: Mikaail Kavanagh [] 
Sent: Saturday, March 30, 2019 3:53 PM
To: Ferry Slik
Cc: Corlett_XTBG; Ghazoul Jaboury; Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter; 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast: re possible research projects

 

Certainly should be.  I wonder if the wings on the fruits of neram (D. oblongifolius) act as oars or sails as the fruit float down river before a lucky few get stuck on suitable river banks - perhaps with the aid of their wings - where there are vacant patches of sunlight to facilitate growth. Good luck with the statistical analysis.

 

Seriously, neram - as far as I know - has typical winged fruit which raises a question on why smaller wings have not apparently been selected for, in spite of the fact that almost all nerams grow out over water. This changes the ball game re the value of wings on fruit, in comparison with typical land-based dipterocarps.

 

Mike Kavanagh

 

On 29 Mar 2019, at 9:48 AM, Ferry Slik  wrote:

 

Should be possible to set up some projects to  some of these hypotheses.....

 

Ferry Slik
Associate Professor & Curator of the UBD Herbarium
Faculty of Science
Universiti Brunei Darussalam,
Jln Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.

Website
http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/
http://expert.ubd.edu.bn/profiles/johan.slik.php

Plants of Southeast Asia
http://www.asianplant.net <http://www.asianplant.net/> 

Asian plant species synonym website
http://www.phylodiversity.net/fslik/synonym_lookup.htm

Faculty of Science

http://fos.ubd.edu.bn/index.html

 


  _____  


From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Corlett_XTBG 
Sent: 29 March 2019 9:19 AM
To: 'Ghazoul Jaboury'; 'Chuck Cannon'; 'Ashton, Peter'
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Don?t underestimate scatter-hoarding rodents for wingless dipterocarps. Recent studies show that they can disperse Fagaceae ? including Chuck?s stone oaks - tens of metres by caching and re-caching, and big rats like Leopoldamys move them a long way in one go. Scatter-hoarding would select strongly against wings, since they would get caught on obstacles when being dragged sideways.

 

Richard

 

From: mastwatch- [mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Ghazoul Jaboury
Sent: Friday, March 29, 2019 12:04 AM
To: Chuck Cannon; Ashton, Peter
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

I have been following this thread with interest. I agree that rare windy events have a substantial impact on dispersal. I have seen very large numbers of dipterocarp fruit dispersed great distances (100s of metres) during strong winds, albeit in rather open dry deciduous dipterocarp forests in Thailand. I have also seen large quantities of fruit being dispersed several tens of metres (at least) from dipterocarps in Sepilok, although this was in forest edge conditions.

 

Genetic studies suggest that dipterocarp seed dispersal can be quite substantial, and while no doubt the large majority of fruit are dropped close to the mother tree (see Smith et al. 2018 for a multispecies comparative assessment of this) what really matters are those seeds that survive, establish, and grow.

 

I have always been curious about why some dipterocarp species lost their wings. If substantial numbers of fruit do get caught in canopies and fail to establish, then there should be strong selection pressure against wings. I would expect strongly shade tolerant species to be more likely to have non-winged fruit. Wings are also likely to be of little value for subcanopy species, or those in dense forests, both in terms of dispersal function and shade tolerance traits (e.g., large fruit sizes). Localities that experience little wind such as, perhaps, sheltered riparian species, might be less likely to have wings than ridgetop species.

 

Jaboury

 

 

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> On Behalf Of Chuck Cannon
Sent: 28 March 2019 15:44
To: Ashton, Peter 
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Great discussion, everyone.  

 

I agree with Tim Laman's remark about how these forests are largely shaped by rare events (that are statistically almost impossible to analyze) and trees do an enormous amount of bet hedging and experimentation in an attempt to win one of those lotteries.  A single tree probably does not pursue a single strategy for getting its seeds into an advantageous position but is simultaneously making numerous wagers.  

 

In line with Peter's observation about the ones on more specialized and localized habitats having poorer dispersal abilities, you see the same thing in Lithocarpus.  The stone oaks are another group with rather mysterious dispersal.

 

Chuck

 

On Thu, Mar 28, :18 AM Ashton, Peter  wrote:

One further obs: There are a higher proportion of endemic dipterocarp species on ecological islands (raised podsol beaches, kerangas, humult sandy ukltisols over sandstone) with wingless fruit than on the widespread Sunda 'matrix' of loamy ultisols.

 

Peter 

  _____  

From: Mastwatch <mastwatch-> on behalf of Mark Leighton 
Sent: Thursday, March 28, 2019 1:45:09 PM
To: Lord Cranbrook; Tim Laman
Cc: 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

correct, Tim

 

On Thursday, March 28, 2019, 2:46:24 PM GMT+2, Tim Laman  wrote:

 

 

Greetings all,

 

To add my two cents, I think what Peter meant mainly is that any limited lateral movement from the parent tree by the winged fruit is disrupted by the canopy below so they won?t keep moving sideways.  I don?t think a very large percentage of fruits get stuck in the canopy.  Most fall to the ground, but they certainly don?t get far.  

 

For your enjoyment, here is a shot I took of the masting Shorea spp in the canopy in Gunung Palung in December with one of those very handy new-fangled drones.  While the Shorea fruits are  twig tips, you can see in the image that most will not get a ?clean release? from their own tree crown, and will just tumble down to the ground beneath the tree.  But selection operates on rare events, right?  What about that big gust of wind that comes before thunderstorms?  Could that carry a few seeds from the top of the crown to some distance, and they survive better than the mass of seedlings beneath the tree?

 

Best,

Tim

<image001.jpg>

 

On Mar 28, 2019, at 7:43 AM, Lord Cranbrook  wrote:

 

THere are always 1000's of seedlings around the base of parent trees, after a mast year. l don't think wind dispersal is very effective.

Why are the wings so brightly coloured ?

ln Sarawak engkebang fruits also float down the rivers

 

From: Mastwatch [ <mailto:mastwatch-> mailto:mastwatch-] On Behalf Of Mikaail Kavanagh
Sent: 28 March 2019 04:15
To: Ashton, Peter; Wong Siew Te DJN; Andreas Carlson;  < 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Hi Friends, 

 

Interesting point, Peter. I must confess to not knowing that so many of the winged fruit never make it to ground level.

 

Wong, the video that you circulated (thanks!) got me thinking about the relevance of the winged fruits in terms of evolutionary strategies for different sub-habitats and niches.  Presumably, there would be different selective pressures according to such differences?  In particular, has anyone  wings' effect on floating - potentially for long distances - for such a riverside specialist as, for example, the Neram (Dipterocarpus oblongifolius)?

 

Thanks for sharing.

 

Mike

 

Dato? Dr Mikaail Kavanagh, MBE

Mobile:  +6012 267 5775

Office:   +603 6203 3138 

Email:  < 

Skype:           mikaail.kavanagh

Office:  Suite A-06-06  

  Plaza Mont Kiara,  2 Jalan Kiara 

  50480  Kuala Lumpur,   Malaysia                  

 

 

 

On 27 Mar 2019, at 6:07 PM, Ashton, Peter < < > wrote:

 

Hi Andreas and mastwatchers,

 

There have been several efforts to study the impact of dipterocarp winged fruit on their distance of dispersal. Bu don't forget that the vast majority rarely fall in a wind, and then only into the main canopy a few metres beneath. So studies of the comparative influence of winged versus winglessness on the fate of the embryo (trapped in the canopy versus dropping through (and then what?), survival, predation etc.) deserves study as well.

 

Peter


  _____  


From: Mastwatch < <mailto:mastwatch-> mastwatch-> on behalf of Andreas Carlson < < >
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2019 1:54:08 AM
To: Siew Teu Wong
Cc:  < 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Dear all, 

 

This movie was absolutely stunning! We have been working on understanding how the geometry of these flying fruits influence their flight ( <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.aps.org_prl_abstract_10.1103_PhysRevLett.122.024501&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=yRfX3IQEdkRjsXw56pIl9QRoY70NNi19ALjC8c8aeb4&e=> https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.024501).

Amazing to see this fruiting and fascinating flight! 

 

Thanks for sharing. 

 

Best,

Andreas.

?????????????
Andreas Carlson
Associate Professor 
Department of Mathematics 
University of Oslo

 < E-mail: 
Phone: (+47) 228-57223
Web:  <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__folk.uio.no_acarlson&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=Fi5GKWYaWjhKmQFBZcQoNuz7Ibt2pwm61XO1yyIXx7o&s=wMR8kCYtS5AIksjGngDctbtM6yQzrn_ltGsDX-JS9WE&e=> folk.uio.no/acarlson
Skype: carlsona

 

On 25 Mar 2019, at 10:02, Siew Te Wong < < > wrote:

 

Hi all,

This video was posted in FB, taken somewhere in Sibu, Sarawak.

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_edgar.ong_videos_10155952528861232_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=3kTuXLViT1vPv-0l0R7tAj1rkKSbbR6BrMxqnUSp25o&e=> https://www.facebook.com/edgar.ong/videos/10155952528861232/

 

Thank you.

 

Kindest regards,

Wong

 

Dr (Hon) Wong Siew Te, D.J.N.  

??????????

C.E.O. and Founder, 

Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
email:  < 

skype: wongsiew

Cell: 016-555 1256

 

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.bsbcc.org.my_&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=v388xK5MXAW32NtoLpmQDfDdXkLIcIQZF67t7GK29IY&e=> http://www.bsbcc.org.my/
 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.facebook.com_sunbear.bsbcc&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=6fM7j4FJXYp9EzPBV64KGt5b6HJkpWQhe2cHrxjNEuQ&e=> https://www.facebook.com/sunbear.bsbcc

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_user_BSBCC&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=sCNv7UaFtcRyDl4GAzbdjsdNTxp3L8d6lN7rb8JjzcQ&e=> http://www.youtube.com/user/BSBCC

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__twitter.com_BSBCC-5FSunBear&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=wYYbtV01YYgy6vazaSKxZzEcnTmPLr-l0oougyZZnyE&e=> http://twitter.com/BSBCC_SunBear


"May all beings be happy, joyful, well, & at safety & peace!"

 


  _____  


From: Mastwatch < <mailto:mastwatch-> mastwatch-> on behalf of Philipson Christopher David < < >
Sent: Monday, March 4, 2019 6:23 PM
To: Cam Webb
Cc:  < 
Subject: Re: [Mastwatch] West Kal Mast

 

Hi Cam and all, 

 

I just returned from south India and saw some dip fruiting in the forest reserves in Kerala.  Being seasonal forest its perhaps a bit less relevant to the Borneo fruiting - but it would be interesting to link these cycles climatically and  point!

 

Cheers

Chris

 

Dr. Christopher Philipson

 < 

 

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.ecology.ethz.ch_people_group-2Dleaders.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=PCLlFfCn-SmywXJrH0ZTnyy8jRFG4C-WCezPMpJafwA&e=> http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/people/group-leaders.html

 

 <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__scholar.google.ch_citations-3Fuser-3D9J6ltyUAAAAJ-26hl-3Den-26oi-3Dao&d=DwMGaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=QF7wtoDqCqPx93omg7bDZoXToRGpzsmD2pgreRf9a74&m=oEo1ZmDAtLb1DWViFO2kYJvttzDwwUn2NgZs9xNRjkc&s=WXh25JzF6nfly4Z5r-L9cAYPKKgXi8myBRVEO1iEJgs&e=> http://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9J6ltyUAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao

 

 

On 28 Feb 2019, at 18:53, Cam Webb < < > wrote:

 

Thanks all, for the forest news from across Borneo (and beyond).

It seems the Gunung Palung mast was big: definitely biggest since Feb
2010, and maybe bigger than that one. Peak fruit fall was several weeks
ago. Dipterocarp flowering started in late Sept 2018. I?ll post more
details when I know them.

Best,

Cam
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